Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Office of Data Science and Emerging Technologies, Office of Science Management and Operations, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Cell Host Microbe. 2022 Dec 14;30(12):1745-1758.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2022.10.012. Epub 2022 Oct 21.
The rapid emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants challenges vaccination strategies. Here, we collected 201 serum samples from persons with a single infection or multiple vaccine exposures, or both. We measured their neutralization titers against 15 natural variants and 7 variants with engineered spike mutations and analyzed antigenic diversity. Antigenic maps of primary infection sera showed that Omicron sublineages BA.2, BA.4/BA.5, and BA.2.12.1 are distinct from BA.1 and more similar to Beta/Gamma/Mu variants. Three mRNA COVID-19 vaccinations increased neutralization of BA.1 more than BA.4/BA.5 or BA.2.12.1. BA.1 post-vaccination infection elicited higher neutralization titers to all variants than three vaccinations alone, although with less neutralization to BA.2.12.1 and BA.4/BA.5. Those with BA.1 infection after two or three vaccinations had similar neutralization titer magnitude and antigenic recognition. Accounting for antigenic differences among variants when interpreting neutralization titers can aid the understanding of complex patterns in humoral immunity that informs the selection of future COVID-19 vaccine strains.
SARS-CoV-2 变体的迅速出现给疫苗接种策略带来了挑战。在这里，我们收集了 201 份来自单次感染或多次疫苗接种或两者兼有的个体的血清样本。我们测量了它们对 15 种天然变体和 7 种带有工程 Spike 突变的变体的中和滴度，并分析了抗原多样性。原发性感染血清的抗原图谱表明，Omicron 亚系 BA.2、BA.4/BA.5 和 BA.2.12.1 与 BA.1 不同，与 Beta/Gamma/Mu 变体更相似。三种 mRNA COVID-19 疫苗接种增加了对 BA.1 的中和作用，超过了对 BA.4/BA.5 或 BA.2.12.1 的中和作用。与三种疫苗单独接种相比，BA.1 接种后感染引起了对所有变体的更高中和滴度，尽管对 BA.2.12.1 和 BA.4/BA.5 的中和作用较低。接受过两次或三次 BA.1 感染疫苗接种的个体具有相似的中和滴度和抗原识别。在解释中和滴度时考虑变体之间的抗原差异可以帮助理解体液免疫中的复杂模式，从而为未来 COVID-19 疫苗株的选择提供信息。
