Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Internal Medicine, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Immunity. 2022 Sep 13;55(9):1725-1731.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2022.07.018. Epub 2022 Aug 5.
Large-scale vaccination campaigns have prevented countless hospitalizations and deaths due to COVID-19. However, the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants that escape from immunity challenges the effectiveness of current vaccines. Given this continuing evolution, an important question is when and how to update SARS-CoV-2 vaccines to antigenically match circulating variants, similarly to seasonal influenza viruses where antigenic drift necessitates periodic vaccine updates. Here, we studied SARS-CoV-2 antigenic drift by assessing neutralizing activity against variants of concern (VOCs) in a set of sera from patients infected with viral sequence-confirmed VOCs. Infections with D614G or Alpha strains induced the broadest immunity, whereas individuals infected with other VOCs had more strain-specific responses. Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 were substantially resistant to neutralization by sera elicited by all other variants. Antigenic cartography revealed that Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 were antigenically most distinct from D614G, associated with immune escape, and possibly will require vaccine updates to ensure vaccine effectiveness.
大规模疫苗接种活动防止了无数因 COVID-19 而住院和死亡的情况。然而，能够逃避免疫的 SARS-CoV-2 变体的出现对当前疫苗的有效性提出了挑战。鉴于这种持续的演变，一个重要的问题是何时以及如何更新 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗以使其与流行变体的抗原相匹配，就像季节性流感病毒那样，由于抗原漂移需要定期更新疫苗。在这里，我们通过评估一组来自经病毒序列确认的变体感染患者的血清对关注变体（VOC）的中和活性来研究 SARS-CoV-2 的抗原漂移。D614G 或 Alpha 株的感染诱导了最广泛的免疫力，而感染其他 VOC 的患者则具有更多的菌株特异性反应。Omicron BA.1 和 BA.2 对由所有其他变体引起的血清的中和作用具有很强的抵抗力。抗原绘图显示，Omicron BA.1 和 BA.2 与 D614G 的抗原性差异最大，与免疫逃逸有关，可能需要更新疫苗以确保疫苗的有效性。
