Yu Qiong, Xue Fengyu, Li Zhijun, Li Xinwei, Ai Lizhe, Jin Mengdi, Xie Mengtong, Yu Yaqin
Faculty of Health, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai 519000, China.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Nov 7;11(11):2205. doi: 10.3390/antiox11112205.
Given the important role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of depression, the potential role of dietary antioxidant supplementation in the prevention of depression has attracted considerable attention. Most studies suggest that dietary carotenoids may play a role in maintaining depressive symptoms due to their antioxidant activity, but some studies concluded the contrary. This study conducted a meta-analysis of observational studies to test the relationship between carotenoid supplements and depressive symptoms. After a comprehensive search of the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase Scopus, and Web of Science databases from their inception to 28 July 2022, 12 publications met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, of which 8 were cross-sectional studies, 3 were case−control studies, and 1 was a cohort study, involving a total of 33,466 participants. Pooled meta-analysis found that intake of total carotenoids (OR = 0.61, 95% CI [0.53, 0.71], p < 0.01), beta-carotene (OR = 0.61, 95% CI [0.52, 0.70], p < 0.01), alpha-carotene (OR = 0.71, 95% CI [0.60, 0.83], p < 0.01), lycopene (OR = 0.71, 95% CI [0.55, 0.90], p < 0.01), lutein, and/or corn xanthin (OR = 0.53, 95% CI [0.43, 0.66], p < 0.01) was significantly inversely associated with depressive symptoms, while beta-cryptoxanthin (OR = 1.07, 95% CI [0.52, 2.21], p = 0.86) had no significance. At the same time, this meta-analysis was free of publication bias and heterogeneity. Although further studies are needed to elucidate the causal relationship between carotenoids and depressive symptoms, and to further reveal the mechanism of their association, the results of our meta-analysis suggest that carotenoids are protective factors for depressive symptoms, and dietary intake may help in reducing the risk of depressive symptoms.
鉴于氧化应激在抑郁症发病机制中的重要作用，膳食补充抗氧化剂在预防抑郁症方面的潜在作用已引起了相当大的关注。大多数研究表明，膳食类胡萝卜素因其抗氧化活性可能在维持抑郁症状方面发挥作用，但一些研究得出了相反的结论。本研究对观察性研究进行了荟萃分析，以检验类胡萝卜素补充剂与抑郁症状之间的关系。在全面检索Cochrane图书馆、PubMed、Embase、Scopus和Web of Science数据库（从其创建到2022年7月28日）后，12篇出版物符合纳入和排除标准，其中8篇为横断面研究，3篇为病例对照研究，1篇为队列研究，共涉及33466名参与者。汇总荟萃分析发现，总类胡萝卜素（OR = 0.61，95%CI [0.53, 0.71]，p < 0.01）、β-胡萝卜素（OR = 0.61，95%CI [0.52, 0.70]，p < 0.01）、α-胡萝卜素（OR = 0.71，95%CI [0.60, 0.83]，p < 0.01）、番茄红素（OR = 0.71，95%CI [0.55, 0.90]，p < 0.01）、叶黄素和/或玉米黄质（OR = 0.53，95%CI [0.43, 0.66]，p < 0.01）的摄入量与抑郁症状显著负相关，而β-隐黄质（OR = 1.07，95%CI [0.52, 2.21]，p = 0.86）无显著意义。同时，该荟萃分析不存在发表偏倚和异质性。尽管需要进一步研究来阐明类胡萝卜素与抑郁症状之间的因果关系，并进一步揭示它们之间关联的机制，但我们的荟萃分析结果表明，类胡萝卜素是抑郁症状的保护因素，膳食摄入可能有助于降低抑郁症状的风险。
