Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Sleep Breath. 2022 Jun;26(2):829-837. doi: 10.1007/s11325-021-02420-1. Epub 2021 Jun 19.
The impact of carotenoid intake on the risk of mental disorders and poor sleep quality is unclear. Thus, we sought to examine the association between carotenoid intake, mental health, and sleep quality among university students.
A total of 368 healthy university students (181 men, 49%), aged 18 to 43 years, volunteered for this study. Dietary intake, physical activity, sleep quality, mental health, and body mass index (BMI) were evaluated. A multivariable logistic regression analysis test was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).
The mean age of the participants was 22.9 ± 3.9 years and mean BMI was 23.1 ± 3.8 kg/m. The students in the highest quartile of carotenoid intake had a significantly lower risk of poor sleep quality (OR = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.09 to 0.40; P < 0.001) and depression (OR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.12 to 0.59; P = 0.001). In the sex-stratified subgroup analysis, the depression risk was significant for men (OR = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.07 to 0.59; P = 0.007), but not for women. Furthermore, we did not observe any specific relationship between carotenoid intake and the risk of anxiety or stress.
It appears that the students with higher carotenoid intake may have a better quality of sleep and lower risk of depression. More longitudinal and in-depth qualitative and quantitative research, with a longer-term follow-up, is needed to support the veracity of our findings.
类胡萝卜素摄入量对精神障碍和睡眠质量差的风险的影响尚不清楚。因此，我们试图研究大学生类胡萝卜素摄入量、心理健康和睡眠质量之间的关系。
共有 368 名 18 至 43 岁的健康大学生（181 名男性，49%）自愿参加了这项研究。评估了饮食摄入、体力活动、睡眠质量、心理健康和体重指数（BMI）。使用多变量逻辑回归分析测试来估计比值比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。
参与者的平均年龄为 22.9 ± 3.9 岁，平均 BMI 为 23.1 ± 3.8 kg/m2。类胡萝卜素摄入量最高四分位数的学生睡眠质量差的风险显著降低（OR=0.19，95%CI：0.09 至 0.40；P<0.001）和抑郁（OR=0.27，95%CI：0.12 至 0.59；P=0.001）。在性别分层亚组分析中，男性的抑郁风险显著（OR=0.28，95%CI：0.07 至 0.59；P=0.007），但女性则不然。此外，我们没有观察到类胡萝卜素摄入量与焦虑或压力风险之间的任何特定关系。
似乎摄入较高类胡萝卜素的学生可能有更好的睡眠质量和较低的抑郁风险。需要更多的纵向和深入的定性和定量研究，以及更长时间的随访，以支持我们研究结果的真实性。
