Poradowski Dominik, Chrószcz Aleksander
Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Division of Animal Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Kożuchowska 1, 51-631 Wrocław, Poland.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Nov 6;12(21):3047. doi: 10.3390/ani12213047.
Histological and morphometrical analysis of the stomach wall was performed during the foetal period divided into three age groups (4th-11th month of gestation). The material was taken from non-glandular (the blind ventricular sac) and glandular parts (the plicated edge margin/cardiac part, the body of stomach and the pyloric part) of the stomach. It was preserved and prepared according to the standard protocol. The histological slides were stained (H-E, Masson-Goldner and PAS). The analyses were performed using the light microscope. All measurements were statistically elaborated. The crown-rump length growth rate was estimated as isometric. The blind ventricular sac growth rate was lower than CRL (negative allometric) and the partition of stomach mucosa into non-glandular and glandular part occurred in the 1st age group. The plicated edge margin/cardiac part and the pyloric part shoved similar tendencies. Only the body of stomach demonstrated a higher growth rate than CRL (positive allometric), which can be explained due to the strongest development of fundic glands. Moreover, comparing the adult reference group to the three parts of the foetal period, all metric values were lower than those achieved prenatally. The blind ventricular sac was covered with the multiple plane epithelium. The glandular parts of stomach that formed the superficial concave areas were covered with the simple columnar epithelium in the 1st age group, which developed to the cardiac, fundic, and pyloric glands in the 2rd and 3rd age groups. The was built with the mesenchyme, which differentiated later to the loose connective tissue. The muscular layer of mucosa was not clearly distinguishable in the 1st age group. The muscular layer of the stomach wall was formed with myoblasts in the 1st age group and later in the 2nd and the 3rd age groups built with fusiform myocytes divided into internal and external layers. The non-differentiated cells of glandular epithelium transformed into the parietal and chief cells. The first were visible in the gastric glands of the 2nd age group. Both of them were present in the 3rd age group gastric mucosa. The PAS staining proved a moderate PAS-positive reaction in the 2rd age group, while it was estimated as intense Pas-positive in the gastric glands in the 3rd age group and was comparable to postnatal observation (the adult reference group).
在胎儿期分为三个年龄组（妊娠第4 - 11个月）对胃壁进行组织学和形态计量学分析。材料取自胃的非腺性部分（盲囊）和腺性部分（皱襞边缘/贲门部、胃体和幽门部）。按照标准方案进行保存和制备。组织学切片进行了苏木精-伊红染色（H-E）、马松-戈德纳染色和过碘酸希夫染色（PAS）。使用光学显微镜进行分析。所有测量数据进行了统计学处理。估计顶臀长生长速率为等速生长。盲囊生长速率低于顶臀长（负异速生长），胃黏膜分为非腺性和腺性部分发生在第一年龄组。皱襞边缘/贲门部和幽门部呈现相似趋势。只有胃体显示出比顶臀长更高的生长速率（正异速生长），这可以归因于胃底腺的最强发育。此外，将成年参照组与胎儿期的三个部分进行比较，所有测量值均低于产前达到的值。盲囊被复层扁平上皮覆盖。在第一年龄组，形成表面凹陷区域的胃腺性部分被单层柱状上皮覆盖，在第二和第三年龄组发展为贲门腺、胃底腺和幽门腺。其由间充质构建，随后分化为疏松结缔组织。在第一年龄组，黏膜肌层不太明显。胃壁肌层在第一年龄组由成肌细胞形成，在第二和第三年龄组后期由分为内层和外层的梭形肌细胞构建。腺上皮的未分化细胞转化为壁细胞和主细胞。壁细胞在第二年龄组的胃腺中可见。两者在第三年龄组的胃黏膜中均存在。PAS染色显示在第二年龄组有中度PAS阳性反应，而在第三年龄组的胃腺中估计为强PAS阳性，与出生后观察（成年参照组）相当。
