Drozdowska Alina, Jendrusch Gernot, Platen Petra, Lücke Thomas, Kersting Mathilde, Sinningen Kathrin
Research Department of Child Nutrition, University Hospital of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, 44791 Bochum, Germany.
Department of Sports Medicine and Sports Nutrition, Ruhr University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
Children (Basel). 2022 Oct 28;9(11):1651. doi: 10.3390/children9111651.
This systematic review aims to evaluate previous findings on the dose-related effects of short- and long-term physical activities (PA) on executive functions (EF) using a new approach by considering the success of experimental manipulation. Eight electronic databases were searched between May 2021 and September 2021. Randomized control trials among healthy children (6-12 years) were screened. Data extraction included the measurement of experimental manipulations and pre-post measurements of physical fitness. After identifying 1774 records, 17 studies were included (nine short-term PA and eight long-term PA). The overall results suggest that a single 20-min PA may be overwhelming for short-term EF in children up to 9 years of age but may be beneficial for children 9 years and older. A dose-related relationship between PA and EF could not be verified in long-term studies, which is possibly due to insufficient fitness gains and participation in the intervention. Short- and long-term endurance and coordination training could improve children's executive functions, but so far, there is no specific evidence on the duration, frequency, and intensity of PA. Not quantity but quality of intervention seems to be important in this context. Further intervention studies are needed that control for the characteristics of the experimental manipulation.
本系统评价旨在采用一种新方法，通过考虑实验操作的成功性，评估先前关于短期和长期体育活动（PA）对执行功能（EF）剂量相关影响的研究结果。2021年5月至2021年9月期间检索了八个电子数据库。筛选了健康儿童（6至12岁）中的随机对照试验。数据提取包括实验操作的测量和体能的前后测量。在识别出1774条记录后，纳入了17项研究（9项短期PA研究和8项长期PA研究）。总体结果表明，单次20分钟的体育活动对9岁及以下儿童的短期执行功能可能负担过重，但对9岁及以上儿童可能有益。在长期研究中无法验证体育活动与执行功能之间的剂量相关关系，这可能是由于体能提升不足以及参与干预的情况。短期和长期的耐力及协调训练可以改善儿童的执行功能，但到目前为止，关于体育活动的持续时间、频率和强度尚无具体证据。在这种情况下，干预的质量而非数量似乎很重要。需要进一步的干预研究来控制实验操作的特征。
