Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
Department of Law, University of Palermo, 90134 Palermo, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Oct 22;19(21):13750. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192113750.
Previous research reported that positive parenting and parenting stress might impact children's psychosocial adjustment. The current longitudinal study aimed at evaluating the associations over time between mothers' positive parenting, their parenting stress, and their preschoolers' social-emotional competence and emotional-behavioral difficulties. Participants were 53 Italian mothers, aged between 24 and 47 years (M = 35.30, SD = 5.28) at T0, and their children (females = 51%), aged between 3 and 6 years (M = 4.48, SD = 0.84) at T0. Mothers completed self-report scales at 2 time points (with a 2-year lag). An autoregressive cross-lagged model was tested that had a good fit to the data, χ(6) = 3.37 ns, CFI = 1.00, RMSEA = 0.00. The results showed that maternal positive parenting at T0 negatively predicted maternal parenting stress at T1; maternal parenting stress at T0 negatively predicted children's social-emotional competence at T1. Moreover, at each time point, children's social-emotional competence was associated positively with maternal positive parenting and negatively with maternal parenting stress; children's emotional-behavioral difficulties were positively associated with maternal parenting stress. The results confirm that interactions with mothers are fundamental for children's psychosocial adjustment. Implications for research and practice aimed at reducing parenting stress and fostering positive parenting are discussed.
先前的研究报告指出，积极的育儿方式和育儿压力可能会影响儿童的社会心理适应。本纵向研究旨在评估母亲积极的育儿方式、育儿压力及其学龄前儿童的社会情感能力和情绪行为困难之间随时间的关联。参与者为 53 名意大利母亲，在 T0 时年龄在 24 至 47 岁之间（M = 35.30，SD = 5.28），其子女（女性 = 51%）在 T0 时年龄在 3 至 6 岁之间（M = 4.48，SD = 0.84）。母亲在 2 个时间点（间隔 2 年）完成了自我报告量表。检验了一个自回归交叉滞后模型，该模型非常适合数据，χ(6) = 3.37 ns，CFI = 1.00，RMSEA = 0.00。结果表明，T0 时母亲的积极育儿方式负向预测了 T1 时的母亲育儿压力；T0 时的母亲育儿压力负向预测了 T1 时儿童的社会情感能力。此外，在每个时间点，儿童的社会情感能力与母亲的积极育儿方式呈正相关，与母亲的育儿压力呈负相关；儿童的情绪行为困难与母亲的育儿压力呈正相关。研究结果证实，与母亲的互动对于儿童的社会心理适应至关重要。讨论了旨在降低育儿压力和培养积极育儿方式的研究和实践意义。
