Epidemiology Unit, Department of Preventive Medicine, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL), General University Hospital Dr. Balmis, 03010 Alicante, Spain.
Department of Medical Imaging, General University Hospital Dr. Balmis, 03010 Alicante, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Oct 25;19(21):13884. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192113884.
The duration of protection of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection has been evaluated in previous studies, but uncertainty remains about the persistence of effectiveness over time and the ideal timing for booster doses. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate BNT162b2 vaccine effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection in health care workers (HCWs) at a tertiary hospital depending on time elapsed since the completion of a two-dose vaccination regimen. We conducted a case-control with negative test study between 25 January and 12 December 2021 that included 1404 HCWs who underwent an active infection diagnostic test (AIDT) to rule out SARS-CoV-2 infection due to COVID-19 suspicion or prior close contact with patients diagnosed with COVID-19. The adjusted vaccine effectiveness (aVE) for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection 12 to 120 days after completing the full two-dose vaccination regimen was 91.9%. Then, aVE decreased to 63.7% between 121 to 240 days after completing the full two-dose regimen and to 37.2% after 241 days since the second dose. Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 infection in HCWs remains highly effective after 12 to 120 days have elapsed since the administration of two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine; however, effectiveness decreases as time elapses since its administration.
先前的研究已经评估了 SARS-CoV-2 感染疫苗的保护持续时间，但对于其在时间推移中的有效性持久性以及加强剂量的理想时机仍存在不确定性。因此，本研究旨在评估在一家三级医院工作的卫生保健工作者（HCWs）接种 BNT162b2 疫苗对 SARS-CoV-2 感染的有效性，具体取决于距完成两剂疫苗接种方案的时间长短。我们在 2021 年 1 月 25 日至 12 月 12 日期间进行了一项病例对照性阴性检测研究，该研究共纳入了 1404 名 HCWs，他们接受了主动感染诊断检测（AIDT），以排除由于 COVID-19 疑似病例或与 COVID-19 确诊患者有过密切接触而导致的 SARS-CoV-2 感染。完成两剂完整疫苗接种方案后 12 至 120 天内，预防 SARS-CoV-2 感染的调整疫苗有效性（aVE）为 91.9%。然后，在完成两剂完整疫苗接种方案后 121 至 240 天内，aVE 降至 63.7%，在第二剂疫苗接种后 241 天降至 37.2%。在完成两剂 BNT162b2 疫苗接种后 12 至 120 天内，HCWs 接种 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗仍具有高度有效性；然而，随着时间的推移，其有效性会下降。
