Witte W, Dünnhaupt K
J Hyg Epidemiol Microbiol Immunol. 1986;30(2):185-93.
In GDR methicillin-resistance strains of S. Aureus only occur in connection with nosocomial infections with a comparably low incidence (about 2%). They are not found in outpatients. For the detection of MRSA the test on nutrient medium L4 with addition of 5% NaCl has proved successful. All of the MRSA exhibit a rather unique pattern of strain-characteristics; they are nontypable by the basic-set-phages and show a reaction with the experimental phage A 994. The MRSA are multiple drug-resistant (generally penicillins, cephalosporins, isoxyzolylpenicillins, oxytetracycline, minocycline, streptomycin, erythromycin, lincomycin and additionally chloramphenicol and gentamycin, kanamycin, tobramycin). The genetical characterization and the plasmid-pattern analysis has shown that only resistance to chloramphenicol and in one case also to macrolides are determined by plasmids (MW 2.0 and 1.8 Megadalton). The determinants for the other resistance-characters are obviously located on the chromosome. Altogether these data indicate that the MRSA described are derivatives of a single-strain-clone.
在民主德国，耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌菌株仅在医院感染中出现，且发病率相对较低（约2%）。在门诊患者中未发现此类菌株。对于耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的检测，在添加5%氯化钠的L4营养培养基上进行的试验已证明是成功的。所有耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌都表现出相当独特的菌株特征模式；它们不能被基本噬菌体分型，且与实验噬菌体A 994有反应。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌具有多重耐药性（一般对青霉素、头孢菌素、异恶唑青霉素、土霉素、米诺环素、链霉素、红霉素、林可霉素，此外还对氯霉素、庆大霉素、卡那霉素、妥布霉素耐药）。基因特征分析和质粒图谱分析表明，只有对氯霉素的耐药性以及在一个案例中对大环内酯类药物的耐药性是由质粒（分子量分别为2.0和1.8兆道尔顿）决定的。其他耐药特征的决定因素显然位于染色体上。总体而言，这些数据表明所描述的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌是单一菌株克隆的衍生物。
