麦角酸合成方法——重要的麦角生物碱。

Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances with Computer Modeling Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodźki St., PL-20093 Lublin, Poland.

School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistonranta 1, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.

Molecules. 2022 Oct 28;27(21):7322. doi: 10.3390/molecules27217322.

Ergot is the spore form of the fungus Claviceps purpurea. Ergot alkaloids are indole compounds that are biosynthetically derived from L-tryptophan and represent the largest group of fungal nitrogen metabolites found in nature. The common part of ergot alkaloids is lysergic acid. This review shows the importance of lysergic acid as a representative of ergot alkaloids. The subject of ergot and its alkaloids is presented, with a particular focus on lysergic acid. All methods of total lysergic acid synthesis-through Woodward, Hendrickson, and Szantay intermediates and Heck coupling methods-are presented. The topic of biosynthesis is also discussed.

麦角是麦角菌的孢子形式。麦角生物碱是吲哚类化合物，生物合成来源于 L-色氨酸，是自然界中发现的最大的真菌氮代谢物群。麦角生物碱的共同部分是麦角酸。这篇综述表明了麦角酸作为麦角生物碱的代表的重要性。本文介绍了麦角及其生物碱的主题，特别关注了麦角酸。通过伍德沃德、亨德里克森和山泰中间体以及 Heck 偶联方法，展示了总麦角酸合成的所有方法。还讨论了生物合成的主题。