Mistolin S.A., Zona Industrial de Vagos Lt 58, 3840-385 Vagos, Portugal.
CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Chemistry Department, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
Molecules. 2022 Nov 2;27(21):7460. doi: 10.3390/molecules27217460.
Detergent formulations for cleaning a carbonized soil—degreasers—typically comprise surfactants, organic solvents, phosphate-based cleaning agents, and alkaline agents, which results in high pH values (>11) that raise human and environmental risks. It is important to develop eco-friendly and safer degreasers, while maintaining their cleaning efficiency. In this work, simple degreaser formulations, with a pH below 11 and without phosphates, were developed by using a mixture of solvent, surfactant, and water to remove carbonized soil. The efficiency of the new degreaser formulations (with 5 wt% solvent, 5 wt% nonionic or ionic surfactant, and 90 wt% water) was evaluated by an abrasion test in the removal of carbonized soil from ceramic and stainless steel surfaces and compared with a commercial product. The results obtained show that the formulations comprising isopropylene glycol (IPG) with C11−C13 9EOs and diethylene glycol butyl ether (BDG) with octyltrimethylammonium octanoate ([N1118][C8O2]) present the best cleaning efficiency for both surfaces. The composition of these formulations was optimized for each surface using a mixture design. The resulting formulations, despite having a simpler composition, a pH lower than 11, and being phosphate-free, presented a cleaning efficiency equal or slightly higher than the commercial control. These results show that it is possible to design degreasers that are much less aggressive to the environment and user, while simultaneously fulfilling the market requirements.
用于清洁碳化土壤的清洁剂配方——去油污剂——通常包含表面活性剂、有机溶剂、基于磷酸盐的清洁剂和碱性剂，这导致 pH 值很高（>11），增加了人类和环境的风险。开发环保且更安全的去油污剂，同时保持其清洁效率非常重要。在这项工作中，通过使用溶剂、表面活性剂和水的混合物，开发了 pH 值低于 11 且不含磷酸盐的简单去油污剂配方，以去除碳化土壤。通过在陶瓷和不锈钢表面去除碳化土壤的磨损试验评估了新去油污剂配方（含 5wt%溶剂、5wt%非离子或离子表面活性剂和 90wt%水）的效率，并与商业产品进行了比较。结果表明，包含异丙醇（IPG）与 C11−C13 9EO 和二乙二醇丁醚（BDG）与辛基三甲基铵辛酸酯（[N1118][C8O2]）的配方对两种表面都具有最佳的清洁效率。使用混合设计对这些配方进行了优化，以适应每种表面。尽管这些配方的组成更简单、pH 值低于 11 且不含磷酸盐，但它们的清洁效率与商业对照品相当或略高。这些结果表明，设计对环境和使用者的腐蚀性更小的去油污剂是可能的，同时满足市场需求。
