Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 63138, Indonesia.
Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 63138, Indonesia.
Nutrients. 2022 Oct 25;14(21):4482. doi: 10.3390/nu14214482.
The metaverse as a digital environment for Industrial Revolution 4.0 is one major form of use of the internet. There are 202.6 million internet users in Indonesia in 2021, or 73.7% of the total population. A total of 138.1 million Indonesians aged 18-64 years have used the internet to make purchases through e-commerce and 74.4% make food purchases through online food delivery applications. Most of the foods sold in online applications are foods that are high in carbohydrate and fat, but with fewer vegetables and fruits. So, it can be concluded that the food sold is energy dense, nutrition poor. Because of that, people run the risk of degenerative diseases such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, stroke, and others. By using the health belief model approach, this study aims to analyze the association between the habits of consuming food and beverages purchased online through the Grab Food or Go Food applications with the nutritional status of the people in Surabaya and Pasuruan, East Java, Indonesia.
This research is quantitative research using a cross-sectional approach. Data collection was carried out offline using paper questionnaires and analysis with SPSS.
There was significant association between the characteristics of the respondents (age, marriage status, profession, education level, income, and allowance) and health beliefs. However, there was no association between health beliefs and the frequency of online orders. Finally, no significant association was found between perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefit, perceived barrier, cues to action, self-efficacy and nutritional status. Thus, it is still important for the government to increase socialization and education in the importance of balanced nutrition and nutritional status so that people can protect themselves and prevent the onset of degenerative diseases.
元宇宙作为第四次工业革命的数字环境，是互联网的主要应用形式之一。2021 年印度尼西亚有 2.026 亿互联网用户，占总人口的 73.7%。共有 1.381 亿 18-64 岁的印度尼西亚人通过电子商务在网上购物，其中 74.4%通过在线食品配送应用程序购买食品。在线应用程序中销售的大多数食品都是高碳水化合物和高脂肪的食品，但蔬菜和水果较少。因此，可以得出结论，销售的食品能量密集，营养不足。正因为如此，人们有患高血压、糖尿病、中风等退行性疾病的风险。本研究采用健康信念模式方法，旨在分析通过 Grab Food 或 Go Food 应用程序在线购买食品和饮料的习惯与印度尼西亚东爪哇省泗水和帕苏鲁安市人民的营养状况之间的关联。
这是一项采用横断面方法的定量研究。使用纸质问卷进行线下数据收集，并使用 SPSS 进行分析。
受访者的特征（年龄、婚姻状况、职业、教育水平、收入和津贴）与健康信念之间存在显著关联。然而，健康信念与在线订单频率之间没有关联。最后，感知易感性、感知严重性、感知益处、感知障碍、行动提示、自我效能感与营养状况之间没有显著关联。因此，政府仍然有必要增加关于均衡营养和营养状况重要性的宣传和教育，以使人们能够保护自己，预防退行性疾病的发生。
