Department of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Research Unit, Seinäjoki Central Hospital and Tampere University, 60220 Seinäjoki, Finland.
Department of Psychiatry, Seinäjoki Central Hospital, Tampere University, 33100 Tampere, Finland.
Nutrients. 2022 Oct 27;14(21):4529. doi: 10.3390/nu14214529.
Although excessive alcohol consumption is a highly prevalent public health problem the data on the associations between alcohol consumption and health outcomes in individuals preferring different types of alcoholic beverages has remained unclear. We examined the relationships between the amounts and patterns of drinking with the data on laboratory indices of liver function, lipid status and inflammation in a national population-based health survey (FINRISK). Data on health status, alcohol drinking, types of alcoholic beverages preferred, body weight, smoking, coffee consumption and physical activity were recorded from 22,432 subjects (10,626 men, 11,806 women), age range 25-74 years. The participants were divided to subgroups based on the amounts of regular alcohol intake (abstainers, moderate and heavy drinkers), patterns of drinking (binge or regular) and the type of alcoholic beverage preferred (wine, beer, cider or long drink, hard liquor or mixed). Regular drinking was found to be more typical in wine drinkers whereas the subjects preferring beer or hard liquor were more often binge-type drinkers and cigarette smokers. Alcohol use in all forms was associated with increased frequencies of abnormalities in the markers of liver function, lipid status and inflammation even at rather low levels of consumption. The highest rates of abnormalities occurred, however, in the subgroups of binge-type drinkers preferring beer or hard liquor. These results demonstrate that adverse consequences of alcohol occur even at moderate average drinking levels especially in individuals who engage in binge drinking and in those preferring beer or hard liquor. Further emphasis should be placed on such patterns of drinking in policies aimed at preventing alcohol-induced adverse health outcomes.
尽管过量饮酒是一个高度普遍的公共卫生问题，但关于个体对不同类型酒精饮料的饮酒量和模式与健康结果之间的关系的数据仍然不清楚。我们在一项基于人群的健康调查（FINRISK）中，检查了饮酒量和模式与肝功能、血脂状况和炎症的实验室指标数据之间的关系。在年龄为 25-74 岁的 22432 名受试者（10626 名男性，11806 名女性）中记录了健康状况、饮酒、偏爱的酒精饮料类型、体重、吸烟、咖啡饮用和身体活动的数据。参与者根据定期饮酒量（禁酒者、中度和重度饮酒者）、饮酒模式（狂饮或定期）和偏爱的酒精饮料类型（葡萄酒、啤酒、苹果酒或长饮、烈性酒或混合酒）分为亚组。经常饮酒更典型的是葡萄酒饮用者，而偏爱啤酒或烈性酒的人则更常狂饮，且吸烟。所有形式的饮酒都与肝功能、血脂状况和炎症标志物异常的频率增加有关，即使在消费水平相当低的情况下也是如此。然而，在狂饮型饮酒者和偏爱啤酒或烈性酒的亚组中，异常发生率最高。这些结果表明，即使在中度平均饮酒水平下，也会出现酒精的不良后果，尤其是在狂饮者和偏爱啤酒或烈性酒的人群中。在旨在预防酒精引起的不良健康后果的政策中，应更加重视这些饮酒模式。
