Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia.
Dev Cogn Neurosci. 2022 Dec;58:101171. doi: 10.1016/j.dcn.2022.101171. Epub 2022 Oct 31.
Response inhibition refers to the cancelling of planned (or restraining of ongoing) actions and is required in much of our everyday life. Response inhibition appears to improve dramatically in early development and plateau in adolescence. The fronto-basal-ganglia network has long been shown to predict individual differences in the ability to enact response inhibition. In the current study, we examined whether developmental trajectories of fiber-specific white matter properties of the fronto-basal-ganglia network was predictive of parallel developmental trajectories of response inhibition. 138 children aged 9-14 completed the stop-signal task (SST). A subsample of 73 children underwent high-angular resolution diffusion MRI data for up to three time points. Performance on the SST was assessed using a parametric race modelling approach. White matter organization of the fronto-basal-ganglia circuit was estimated using fixel-based analysis. Contrary to predictions, we did not find any significant associations between maturational trajectories of fronto-basal-ganglia white matter and developmental improvements in SST performance. Findings suggest that the development of white matter organization of the fronto-basal-ganglia and development of stopping performance follow distinct maturational trajectories.
反应抑制是指对计划中的（或正在进行的）行动进行取消或抑制，这在我们的日常生活中是很常见的。反应抑制在早期发展中似乎有显著提高，并在青春期达到高峰。长期以来，额基底神经节网络一直被认为可以预测个体在实施反应抑制能力方面的差异。在本研究中，我们探讨了额基底神经节网络的纤维特异性白质性质的发展轨迹是否可以预测反应抑制的平行发展轨迹。138 名 9-14 岁的儿童完成了停止信号任务（SST）。其中 73 名儿童的一部分接受了高达三个时间点的高角度分辨率弥散 MRI 数据。使用参数竞赛建模方法评估 SST 的表现。使用基于固定体素的分析来估计额基底神经节回路的白质组织。与预测相反，我们没有发现额基底神经节白质成熟轨迹与 SST 表现的发育改善之间存在任何显著关联。研究结果表明，额基底神经节白质的组织发育和停止表现的发展遵循不同的成熟轨迹。
