Markowicz-Piasecka Magdalena, Darłak Patrycja, Markiewicz Agata, Sikora Joanna, Kumar Adla Santosh, Bagina Sreelatha, Huttunen Kristiina M
Laboratory of Bioanalysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Radiopharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland.
Students Research Group, Laboratory of Bioanalysis, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Radiopharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland.
Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2022 Dec;181:249-262. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.11.003. Epub 2022 Nov 11.
Although many pharmaceuticals have therapeutic potentials for central nervous system (CNS) diseases, few of these agents have been effectively administered. It is due to the fact that the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSF) restrict them from crossing the brain to exert biological activity. This article reviews the current approaches aiming to improve penetration across these barriers for effective drug delivery to the CNS. These issues are summarized into direct systemic delivery and invasive delivery, including the BBB disruption and convection enhanced delivery. Furthermore, novel drug delivery systems used at the nanoscale, including polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, nanoemulsions, dendrimers, and micelles are discussed. These nanocarriers could contribute to a breakthrough in the treatment of many different CNS diseases. However, further broadened studies are needed to assess the biocompatibility and safety of these medical devices.
尽管许多药物对中枢神经系统（CNS）疾病具有治疗潜力，但其中很少有药物能够有效给药。这是因为血脑屏障（BBB）和血脑脊液屏障（BCSF）限制它们进入大脑发挥生物活性。本文综述了当前旨在改善药物穿越这些屏障以实现向中枢神经系统有效给药的方法。这些问题可归纳为直接全身给药和侵入性给药，包括血脑屏障破坏和对流增强给药。此外，还讨论了纳米级使用的新型药物递送系统，包括聚合物纳米颗粒、脂质体、纳米乳剂、树枝状大分子和胶束。这些纳米载体可能有助于在许多不同中枢神经系统疾病的治疗上取得突破。然而，需要进一步开展广泛研究来评估这些医疗器械的生物相容性和安全性。
