肿瘤患者呼吸困难发生情况及特征的文献系统综述
Systematic review of the literature on the occurrence and characteristics of dyspnea in oncology patients.
作者信息
Shin Joosun, Kober Kord, Wong Melisa L, Yates Patsy, Miaskowski Christine
机构信息
School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA; Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
出版信息
Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2023 Jan;181:103870. doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103870. Epub 2022 Nov 12.
BACKGROUND
Dyspnea is a common and distressing symptom for oncology patients.However, dyspnea is not well-characterized and often underestimated by clinicians. This systematic review summarizes the prevalence, intensity, distress, and impact of dyspnea in oncology patients and identifies research gaps.
METHODS
A search of all of the relevant databases was done from 2009 to May 2022. A qualitative synthesis of the extant literature was performed using established guidelines.
RESULTS
One hundred-seventeen studies met inclusion criteria. Weighted grand mean prevalence of dyspnea in patients with advanced cancer was 58.0%. Intensity of dyspnea was most common dimension evaluated, followed by the impact and distress. Depression and anxiety were the most common symptoms that co-occurred with dyspnea.
CONCLUSION
Numerous methodologic challenges were evident across studies. Future studies need to use valid and reliable measures; evaluate the impact of dyspnea; and determine biomarkers for dyspnea.
背景
呼吸困难是肿瘤患者常见且令人痛苦的症状。然而，呼吸困难的特征尚不明确，临床医生往往低估其严重程度。本系统评价总结了肿瘤患者呼吸困难的患病率、严重程度、痛苦程度及影响，并确定了研究空白。
方法
检索了2009年至2022年5月期间所有相关数据库。使用既定指南对现有文献进行定性综合分析。
结果
117项研究符合纳入标准。晚期癌症患者呼吸困难的加权总体平均患病率为58.0%。呼吸困难严重程度是最常评估的维度，其次是影响和痛苦程度。抑郁和焦虑是与呼吸困难同时出现的最常见症状。
结论
各项研究中存在诸多方法学挑战。未来研究需要采用有效且可靠的测量方法；评估呼吸困难的影响；并确定呼吸困难的生物标志物。
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