Ramírez-Manent J I, Altisench Jané B, Arroyo Bote S, López Roig C, González San Miguel H, López-González A A
Investigation Group IUNICS, Palma, Spain.
Balearic Islands Health Service, Balearic Islands, Palma, Spain.
BMC Geriatr. 2022 Nov 17;22(1):872. doi: 10.1186/s12877-022-03547-w.
Aging of the world population is one of the most significant demographic changes of our time. Populations older than 60 years are heterogeneous, and age is an independent cardiovascular risk factor aggravated by frailty, obesity, and diabetes, and influenced by several factors, including sex and socioeconomic status. The objective of this study was to calculate cardiovascular risk in workers of both sexes over 60 years of age and to assess whether there are difference s by sex, social class, smoking, and type of job.
A cross-sectional study was carried out in 15,057 elderly Spanish workers from different autonomous communities in Spain and with different labor occupations. Anthropometric, sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory values were determined. People were classified according to age from 60 to 64 years inclusive and from 65 to 69 years, smokers and non-smokers, and both blue-collar and white-collar workers. Subsequently, a multivariate analysis was carried out.
Men, blue-collar workers, smokers, and aging were factors that influenced cardiovascular risk: with an OR of 3.27 (95% CI: 2.64-4.05) in people 65 years of age or older versus the younger group, and an OR of 3.15 (95% CI: 2.69-3.69) in smokers versus non-smokers. A stronger independent association was found between smoking, age, and cardiovascular risk. The risk of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver and liver fibrosis was much higher in men than in women, with an OR of 4.06 (95% CI: 3.66-4.50) for the former and an OR of 2.10 (95% CI: 1.95-2.26) for the BARD index.
The highest risk groups were observed in male subjects with a history of smoking and blue-collar workers and, as such, should be considered for cardiovascular risk screening programs.
全球人口老龄化是我们这个时代最显著的人口结构变化之一。60岁以上的人群具有异质性，年龄是一个独立的心血管危险因素，会因身体虚弱、肥胖和糖尿病而加重，并且受包括性别和社会经济地位在内的多种因素影响。本研究的目的是计算60岁以上男女工人的心血管风险，并评估性别、社会阶层、吸烟情况和工作类型是否存在差异。
对来自西班牙不同自治区、从事不同职业的15057名老年西班牙工人进行了一项横断面研究。测定了人体测量学、社会人口统计学、临床和实验室指标。根据年龄分为60至64岁（含60岁和64岁）以及65至69岁，分为吸烟者和非吸烟者，以及蓝领和白领工人。随后进行了多变量分析。
男性、蓝领工人、吸烟者和老龄化是影响心血管风险的因素：65岁及以上人群与较年轻人群相比，比值比为3.27（95%置信区间：2.64 - 4.05），吸烟者与非吸烟者相比，比值比为3.15（95%置信区间：2.69 - 3.69）。吸烟、年龄与心血管风险之间存在更强的独立关联。男性患非酒精性脂肪肝和肝纤维化的风险远高于女性，前者的比值比为4.06（95%置信区间：3.66 - 4.50），BARD指数的比值比为2.10（95%置信区间：1.95 - 2.26）。
有吸烟史的男性受试者和蓝领工人是最高风险群体，因此应考虑将其纳入心血管风险筛查项目。
