School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Department of Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Am J Ind Med. 2023 Jan;66(1):65-74. doi: 10.1002/ajim.23439. Epub 2022 Nov 17.
Working in close contacts with coworkers or the general public may be associated with transmission of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). We investigated whether crowded workplaces, sharing surfaces, and exposure to infections were factors associated with IPD.
We studied 3,968 cases of IPD, and selected six controls for each case from the Swedish population registry with each control being assigned the index date of their corresponding case. We linked job histories to job-exposure matrices to assess different transmission dimensions of pneumococci, as well as occupational exposure to fumes. We used adjusted conditional logistic analyses to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) for IPD with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).
ORs for IPD for the different transmission dimensions were increased moderately but were statistically significant. Compared to home-working or working alone, the highest odds was for Working mostly outside, or partly inside (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.04-1.38). Estimates were higher in men for all dimensions, compared to women. The odds for IPD for Working mostly outside, or partly inside were 1.33 (95% CI 1.13-1.56) and 0.79 (95% CI 0.55-1.14) for men and women, respectively. Higher odds were seen for all transmission dimensions among those exposed to fumes, although CIs included unity. Contact with ill or infected patients did not increase the odds for IPD.
IPD was associated with working in close contact with coworkers or the general public, and with outside work, especially for men. Contact with infected patients or persons was not associated with IPD.
与同事或公众密切接触可能与侵袭性肺炎球菌病（IPD）的传播有关。我们调查了拥挤的工作场所、共用表面以及暴露于感染是否与 IPD 相关。
我们研究了 3968 例侵袭性肺炎球菌病病例，并从瑞典人口登记处选择了每个病例的 6 名对照，每个对照的分配日期为其相应病例的索引日期。我们将工作历史与工作暴露矩阵联系起来，以评估肺炎球菌的不同传播维度以及职业暴露于烟雾。我们使用调整后的条件逻辑分析来估计 IPD 的比值比（OR）及其 95%置信区间（95%CI）。
不同传播维度的 IPD 的 OR 值适度增加，但具有统计学意义。与在家工作或单独工作相比，在外工作或部分在内工作的最高几率为（OR 1.19，95%CI 1.04-1.38）。与女性相比，所有维度的男性的估计值都更高。在外工作或部分在内工作的男性和女性 IPD 的几率分别为 1.33（95%CI 1.13-1.56）和 0.79（95%CI 0.55-1.14）。接触烟雾的所有传播维度的几率都较高，尽管 CI 包括 1。与患病或感染的患者接触并不会增加 IPD 的几率。
IPD 与与同事或公众密切接触以及户外工作有关，尤其是男性。与感染患者或人员的接触与 IPD 无关。
