Aryasena Rajendra, Umami Nafiatul
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Grafika No. 2, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.
Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Fauna No. 3 Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.
Heliyon. 2022 Nov 1;8(11):e11315. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11315. eCollection 2022 Nov.
In the present work, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) were successfully produced from the (PP) fibers through ammonium persulfate (APS) oxidation. The effect of oxidation temperatures (60, 70, and 80 °C) on the properties of CNCs was characterized. In addition, the influence of CNCs addition (0, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2 wt%) on the lubrication properties of the base oil SAE 40 lubricant was also investigated. The characteristics of the CNCs were determined by using FT-IR, XRD, TEM, and TGA. The lubrication properties were evaluated using kinematic viscosity and viscosity index measurements. The optimal oxidation temperature was found at 60 °C which resulted in the needle-shaped CNCs particles with high crystallinity (66.56%), an average diameter (15 nm), and an average length (79 nm). The resulting CNCs exhibited higher thermal stability than the PP fibers. Both kinematic viscosity and viscosity index did not significantly change by increasing the CNCs contents. However, a slightly higher viscosity index was exhibited for 0.2 wt% CNCs compared to that of neat base oil SAE 40. The CNCs obtained had high potential as a reinforcing agent of nanocomposites and also as a bio-lubricating additive in engine oil.
在本工作中，通过过硫酸铵（APS）氧化法成功地从聚丙烯（PP）纤维中制备出了纤维素纳米晶体（CNCs）。表征了氧化温度（60、70和80℃）对CNCs性能的影响。此外，还研究了CNCs添加量（0、0.05、0.1和0.2 wt%）对基础油SAE 40润滑剂润滑性能的影响。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）和热重分析（TGA）来测定CNCs的特性。使用运动粘度和粘度指数测量来评估润滑性能。发现最佳氧化温度为60℃，在此温度下得到了具有高结晶度（66.56%）、平均直径（15 nm）和平均长度（79 nm）的针状CNCs颗粒。所得的CNCs表现出比PP纤维更高的热稳定性。随着CNCs含量的增加，运动粘度和粘度指数均无显著变化。然而，与纯基础油SAE 40相比，0.2 wt%的CNCs表现出略高的粘度指数。所制备的CNCs作为纳米复合材料的增强剂以及发动机油中的生物润滑添加剂具有很大的潜力。
