Rustagi Neeti, Choudhary Yachana, Kumar Nitesh, Shafi Shazia, Saurabh Suman, Thirunavukkarasu Prasanna, Raghav Pankaja
Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, AIIMS Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Pali, Rajasthan, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2022 Jul;11(7):3482-3490. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2124_21. Epub 2022 Jul 22.
The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to unprecedented morbidity and mortality across the world. Chronic disease patients of urban poor neighbourhoods are one of the most vulnerable population subgroups as the number of cases and deaths increase exponentially in India. The study aims to explore the factors associated with desirable health behaviours among chronic disease patients availing care from a primary health facility and examine their association with the COVID-19 preventive behaviour.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among chronic disease patients attending a health centre in an urban area of Jodhpur, Rajasthan. A interviewer administered semi-structured questionnaire was pilot tested and validated prior to initiation of data collection. A total of 520 patients were enrolled for the study.
Poor adherence to health behaviour was observed among a majority of the respondents (infrequent physical activity: 72.0%, one or less fruit serving per day: 96.5%, one or less vegetable serving per day: 88.8%). A factor analysis revealed three domains of COVID-19 preventive behaviour: sanitisation, preventive hygiene and social distancing. Multiple regression revealed respondents opting for COVID-19 screening and those with lower salt intake followed the overall and individual COVID-19 preventive behaviour.
The health behaviour assessment and inter-personal counselling by the health care providers at the primary health facilities may contribute to the increasing adherence for the COVID-19 preventive behaviour among chronic disease patients.
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行已在全球范围内导致了前所未有的发病率和死亡率。随着印度病例数和死亡数呈指数级增长，城市贫困社区的慢性病患者是最脆弱的人群亚组之一。本研究旨在探讨在初级卫生机构接受治疗的慢性病患者中与理想健康行为相关的因素，并检验这些因素与COVID-19预防行为之间的关联。
在拉贾斯坦邦焦特布尔市一个城区的健康中心对慢性病患者进行了一项横断面研究。在开始数据收集之前，对由访谈员实施的半结构化问卷进行了预试验和验证。共有520名患者纳入本研究。
大多数受访者存在健康行为依从性差的情况（很少进行体育活动：72.0%，每天食用水果一份或更少：96.5%，每天食用蔬菜一份或更少：88.8%）。一项因素分析揭示了COVID-19预防行为的三个方面：消毒、预防性卫生和社交距离。多元回归分析显示，选择进行COVID-19筛查的受访者以及盐摄入量较低的受访者遵循了总体和个体的COVID-19预防行为。
初级卫生机构的医护人员进行健康行为评估和人际咨询可能有助于提高慢性病患者对COVID-19预防行为的依从性。
