Saxena Vartika, Verma Neha, Mishra Ashutosh, Jain Bhavna
Department of Community and Family Medicine, AIIMS Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.
Department of Community Medicine, The Oxford Medical College and Research Center, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2022 Jul;11(7):3740-3745. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2502_21. Epub 2022 Jul 22.
The practice of infant and young child feeding (IYCF) is critical for a child's growth and development throughout the first two years of life. Poor feeding habits in early childhood contribute to malnutrition and child mortality in India.
To assess the IYCF practices in children under the age of 2 years.
In rural Uttarakhand, India, a cross-sectional study was undertaken from March 2021 to May 2021. A probability proportional to size (PPS) method was used to select 400 children under the age of 2 years. The World Health Organization IYCF questionnaire, was used to collect house to house data. An appropriate statistical test was used for analysing the data.
According to the findings, 47.5 percent of babies under the age of six months were nursed within the first hour of delivery. About 73.9 percent of babies were exclusively breastfed. Approximately 22 percent infants were given pre-lacteal feeds and 20 percent were bottle fed. In addition to breast milk, half of babies aged 6 to 8 months had solid, semi-solid, or soft meals, however minimum acceptable diet was provided to only 33.5 percent children. Odds of male child who were bottle fed in the age group of 6-23 months were 2.02 times higher to that of female child. Also the odds of male child in the age group of 6-8 months to be introduced with solids, semi-solid, or soft food were 4.91 times higher to that of female child. Similarly, odds of male child received minimum dietary diversity (2.35), minimum meal frequency (1.82), and minimum acceptable diet (2.35) in the age group of 6-23 months were found to be higher to that of female child in the similar age group. Total of six mothers reported coronavirus disease (COVID) positive status and only two of them breastfed their babies using COVID appropriate behavior.
Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) has been practiced in more than two-thirds of children, but early breastfeeding is practised in less than half of children. Only one third children of more than six months of age are getting minimum acceptable diet.
婴幼儿喂养（IYCF）做法对于儿童生命最初两年的生长发育至关重要。印度幼儿期不良喂养习惯会导致营养不良和儿童死亡。
评估2岁以下儿童的婴幼儿喂养做法。
2021年3月至2021年5月在印度北阿坎德邦农村进行了一项横断面研究。采用规模比例概率抽样（PPS）方法选取400名2岁以下儿童。使用世界卫生组织婴幼儿喂养问卷逐户收集数据。采用适当的统计检验分析数据。
根据研究结果，47.5%的6个月以下婴儿在出生后第一小时内进行了母乳喂养。约73.9%的婴儿进行纯母乳喂养。约22%的婴儿在开奶前喂食，20%的婴儿使用奶瓶喂养。除母乳外，6至8个月大的婴儿中有一半添加了固体、半固体或软质食物，但只有33.5%的儿童获得了最低限度可接受饮食。6至23个月龄奶瓶喂养男童的几率比女童高2.02倍。同样，6至8个月龄男童添加固体、半固体或软质食物的几率比女童高4.91倍。类似地，6至23个月龄男童获得最低饮食多样性（2.35）、最低进餐频率（1.82）和最低可接受饮食（2.35）的几率高于同年龄组女童。共有6名母亲报告新冠病毒病（COVID）呈阳性，其中只有2人以适合新冠疫情的方式母乳喂养婴儿。
超过三分之二的儿童实行纯母乳喂养（EBF），但不到一半的儿童在早期进行母乳喂养。6个月以上的儿童中只有三分之一获得了最低限度可接受饮食。
