Ayehu Gashaw Walle, Yitbarek Getachew Yideg, Zewdie Edgiet Abebe, Amsalu Bedemariam Tadesse, Abie Yonatan, Atlaw Daniel, Agegnehu Assefa, Admasu Fitalew Tadele, Azanaw Melkalem Mamuye, Amare Abraham Tsedalu, Emiru Zemen Asmare
Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Science, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Front Neurol. 2022 Oct 25;13:988677. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2022.988677. eCollection 2022.
Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide, with a significant increase in stroke burden over the last two and half decades, especially in developing countries. African countries are undergoing an epidemiological transition from being dominated by infectious diseases to being double-burdened by non-communicable diseases, with existing infectious diseases driven by sociodemographic and lifestyle changes and a weak healthcare system. Data on the risk profile, clinical presentation, and predictors of stroke subtypes are still limited. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to assess the risk profile, clinical presentation, and predictors of stroke in public referral hospitals of Northwest Ethiopia.
For this study, 554 patients with stroke admitted to three public referral hospitals were prospectively followed up. Data were collected using a pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire. STATA version 16 was used for data analyses. Candidate variables significant in bivariate analysis were selected for multivariate binary logistic regression, and statistical significance was set at a < 0.05.
Of the 554 patients with stroke, 60.3% had an ischemic stroke. The mean age of the participants was 61 ± 12.85 years, and more than half (53.25%) of them were women. The most common risk factor identified was hypertension (29.7%), followed by congestive heart failure. The most common clinical presentation was hemiparesis, which was reported by 57.7% of the patients, followed by loss of consciousness (20.7%) and aphasia (9%). Through multivariable logistic regression, age (AOR = 1.03, 95% CI:1.01-1.05), sedentary physical activity level (AOR = 6.78, 95% CI:1.97-23.32), absence of a family history of chronic illness (AOR = 3.79, 95% CI:2.21-6.48), hypertension (AOR=0.51, 95% CI:0.31-0.85), and past stroke (AOR = 3.54, 95% CI:0.93-13.49) were found to be independent determinants of the stroke subtype.
Age, the level of sedentary physical activity, absence of a family history of chronic illness, hypertension, and past stroke were independent determinants of stroke subtype.
中风是全球第二大致死原因，在过去二十五年里中风负担显著增加，尤其是在发展中国家。非洲国家正经历从以传染病为主导到受非传染性疾病双重负担的流行病学转变，现有传染病受社会人口统计学和生活方式变化以及薄弱的医疗体系驱动。关于中风亚型的风险特征、临床表现和预测因素的数据仍然有限。因此，本研究的主要目的是评估埃塞俄比亚西北部公立转诊医院中风的风险特征、临床表现和预测因素。
在本研究中，对三家公立转诊医院收治的554例中风患者进行了前瞻性随访。使用经过预测试的访谈式问卷收集数据。使用STATA 16版进行数据分析。在双变量分析中有显著意义的候选变量被选入多变量二元逻辑回归，统计学显著性设定为α < 0.05。
在554例中风患者中，60.3%为缺血性中风。参与者的平均年龄为61±12.85岁，其中超过一半（53.25%）为女性。确定的最常见风险因素是高血压（29.7%），其次是充血性心力衰竭。最常见的临床表现是偏瘫，57.7%的患者有此症状，其次是意识丧失（20.7%）和失语（9%）。通过多变量逻辑回归发现，年龄（比值比[AOR]=1.03，95%置信区间[CI]：1.01 - 1.05）、久坐不动的身体活动水平（AOR = 6.78，95% CI：1.97 - 23.32）、无慢性病家族史（AOR = 3.79，95% CI：2.21 - 6.48）、高血压（AOR = 0.51，95% CI：0.31 - 0.85）和既往中风史（AOR = 3.54，95% CI：0.93 - 13.49）是中风亚型的独立决定因素。
年龄、久坐不动的身体活动水平、无慢性病家族史、高血压和既往中风史是中风亚型的独立决定因素。
