Department of Community Health, Child Nursing and Aging, Ramsar School of Nursing, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
Department of Public Health, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
BMC Oral Health. 2022 Nov 19;22(1):515. doi: 10.1186/s12903-022-02552-0.
Training dental and oral health behaviors by using appropriate training models and theories is an important issue in preventing dental and oral diseases. the present study aimed to investigate the effect of training based on the health belief model and behavioral intention on dental and oral health behaviors in female students aged 9-12 years old in the city of Rudsar, Guilan, Iran.
This research is an interventional study conducted on 84 female students aged 9-12 years old, who lived in the city of Rudsar (n = 42 in the control group and n = 42 in the interventional group) in 2019. The data collection tools included questions on demographic variables, structures of the health belief model (perceived sensitivity, perceived severity, perceived barriers and benefits, self-efficiency), behavioral intention, and performance. The questionnaire was completed before the intervention and 3 months after it by both groups. The intervention group received four 45-min sessions. The data were analyzed using SPSS 24, descriptive tests, independent sample t-test, pair sample t-test, and regression (P < 0.05).
The mean age of the intervention and control groups was 10.88 ± 1.01 and 10.80 ± 1.01, respectively. The results showed that the average scores of all structures of the health belief model and behavioral intention in the intervention group significantly changed compared to the average scores obtained before the intervention (P < 0.05). Moreover, the average scores of perceived sensitivity (p < 0.009), perceived barriers (p < 0.007), self-efficiency (p < 0.001), and behavioral intention (p < 0.001) significantly changed after the intervention in both groups (p < 0.05).
According to the results, the health belief model and the behavioral intention were effective in improving dental and oral health so that they can be applied to improving people's dental and oral health. It can also be used as a model to design, implement, and monitor medical health programs.
通过使用适当的培训模式和理论来培训牙科和口腔健康行为是预防牙科和口腔疾病的一个重要问题。本研究旨在探讨基于健康信念模型和行为意向的培训对伊朗拉什达尔市 9-12 岁女学生牙科和口腔健康行为的影响。
这是一项干预性研究，于 2019 年在拉什达尔市（对照组 n=42，干预组 n=42）对 84 名 9-12 岁的女学生进行了研究。数据收集工具包括人口统计学变量、健康信念模型结构（感知敏感性、感知严重性、感知障碍和益处、自我效能）、行为意向和表现的问题。两组均在干预前和干预后 3 个月填写问卷。干预组接受了 4 次 45 分钟的课程。使用 SPSS 24 进行数据分析，采用描述性检验、独立样本 t 检验、配对样本 t 检验和回归（P<0.05）。
干预组和对照组的平均年龄分别为 10.88±1.01 和 10.80±1.01。结果表明，与干预前相比，干预组健康信念模型和行为意向的所有结构的平均得分均显著变化（P<0.05）。此外，干预后两组感知敏感性（p<0.009）、感知障碍（p<0.007）、自我效能（p<0.001）和行为意向（p<0.001）的平均得分均显著变化（p<0.05）。
根据研究结果，健康信念模型和行为意向可有效改善牙科和口腔健康，从而改善人们的牙科和口腔健康。它也可以作为设计、实施和监测医疗保健计划的模型。
