Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Almería, Almería, Spain.
Department of Psychology, Universidad Politécnica y Artística del Paraguay, Asunción, Paraguay.
Hum Resour Health. 2022 Nov 19;20(1):79. doi: 10.1186/s12960-022-00776-3.
Nurses are frequently exposed to chronic stress in the workplace generating harmful effects such as job strain and burnout. On the contrary, resilience has been shown to be a beneficial variable. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between dimensions of the Job Demand Control-Support model, resilience and burnout in nurses, and examine the mediating role of resilience between job strain and burnout.
A descriptive, cross-sectional study reported in line with the STROBE guidelines. Active nurses were invited to complete an online questionnaire in September, 2020. With snowball sampling, 1013 nurses, with a mean age of 34.71, filled out the Job Content Questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Resilience Scale.
The results showed the existence of four groups of professionals based on job strain. The nurses in the "High Strain" group (high demands and low control) showed higher scores in emotional exhaustion and cynicism, while those in the "Active Job" group scored higher in personal realization and resilience. The findings showed that job strain affects burnout in nurses, and this effect is mediated by resilience.
The findings of this study showed that a high level of resilience could exert a fundamental role in ensuring well-being and proper job performance by nurses. Nursing managers should see to the personable variables or competencies that provide and favor an opportunity for nurses to widen and improve their practice, in pursuance of satisfying and responding better to people's needs and the systems they work for.
护士在工作中经常面临慢性压力，从而产生工作压力和倦怠等不良影响。相反，韧性已被证明是一个有益的变量。本研究的目的是分析工作需求-控制-支持模型的维度、韧性和护士倦怠之间的关系，并检验韧性在工作压力和倦怠之间的中介作用。
这是一项描述性的、横断面研究，按照 STROBE 指南进行报告。在 2020 年 9 月，通过滚雪球抽样，邀请在职护士填写在线问卷。共有 1013 名平均年龄为 34.71 岁的护士填写了工作内容问卷、马氏倦怠量表和韧性量表。
结果显示，根据工作压力，存在四组专业人员。处于“高压力”组（高需求、低控制）的护士在情绪耗竭和玩世不恭方面的得分较高，而处于“积极工作”组的护士在个人实现和韧性方面的得分较高。研究结果表明，工作压力会影响护士的倦怠，这种影响是由韧性介导的。
本研究的结果表明，高水平的韧性可以通过确保护士的幸福感和适当的工作表现来发挥重要作用。护理管理人员应该关注那些能够为护士提供机会，拓宽和提高他们的实践，并满足和更好地回应人们的需求和他们所服务的系统的个性变量或能力。
