Liu Peng, Kang Chenglin, Zhang Jin, Liu Yue, Liu Jiangqi, Hu Tianyong, Zeng Xianhai, Qiu Shuqi
Department of Graduate and Scientific Research, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519041, People's Republic of China; Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, People's Republic of China.
Department of Otolaryngology, Longgang E.N.T Hospital & Shenzhen Key Laboratory of E.N.T, Institute of E.N.T Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, People's Republic of China.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2022 Dec;113(Pt B):109449. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109449. Epub 2022 Nov 17.
Allergic diseases are important diseases that affect many patients worldwide. Over the past few decades, the incidence of allergic diseases has increased significantly due to social development and increased environmental degradation, which has placed a huge economic burden on public health and even led to an increase in mortality. Substantial progress has been made in the understanding of the mechanisms of allergic diseases, and past studies have shown that the occurrence and development of allergic diseases are closely related to changes in the state of the immune system. With the study and in-depth understanding of innate immune lymphocytes, researchers have gradually discovered that dendritic cells (DC) play an important role in many allergic diseases. DC are the body's main antigen-presenting cells, which ingest, process, and hand allergens, and then secrete chemokines such as chemokine ligands 17(CCL17), CCL22, and upregulate their own surface co-stimulating molecules. Then DC present the antigen peptide to the initial T cells and further differentiate them into helper T cells 2(Th2). As an important part of humoral immunity, Th2 participates in the regulation of type 2 immune response through the secretion of cytokines such as interleukin 4(IL-4), IL-5, and IL-13 and plays a leading role. However, our current research on DC is limited and its status in allergic diseases is unclear.Among them, allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, atopic dermatitis, and food allergy are DC-mediated Th2 immune-related factor disorder-related allergic diseases, and some progress has been made in recent years in the study of the pathogenesis of these diseases. This paper outlines the common phenotypes and activation pathways of DC in different allergic diseases as well as potential research directions to improve the understanding of its immunomodulatory role in different allergic diseases and ultimately find new ways to treat these diseases.
过敏性疾病是影响全球众多患者的重要疾病。在过去几十年中，由于社会发展和环境恶化加剧，过敏性疾病的发病率显著上升，给公共卫生带来了巨大的经济负担，甚至导致死亡率上升。在过敏性疾病发病机制的认识方面已取得了实质性进展，过去的研究表明，过敏性疾病的发生和发展与免疫系统状态的变化密切相关。随着对固有免疫淋巴细胞的研究和深入了解，研究人员逐渐发现树突状细胞（DC）在许多过敏性疾病中发挥着重要作用。DC是机体主要的抗原呈递细胞，它摄取、处理并呈递过敏原，然后分泌趋化因子配体17（CCL17）、CCL22等趋化因子，并上调自身表面的共刺激分子。接着DC将抗原肽呈递给初始T细胞，并进一步将其分化为辅助性T细胞2（Th2）。作为体液免疫的重要组成部分，Th2通过分泌白细胞介素4（IL-4）、IL-5和IL-13等细胞因子参与2型免疫反应的调节并起主导作用。然而，我们目前对DC的研究有限，其在过敏性疾病中的地位尚不清楚。其中，过敏性鼻炎、过敏性哮喘、特应性皮炎和食物过敏是与DC介导的Th2免疫相关因子紊乱相关的过敏性疾病，近年来在这些疾病发病机制的研究方面取得了一些进展。本文概述了不同过敏性疾病中DC的常见表型和激活途径，以及潜在的研究方向，以增进对其在不同过敏性疾病中免疫调节作用的理解，并最终找到治疗这些疾病的新方法。
