Lins-Kusterer Liliane, de Azevedo Carolina Franco, Netto Eduardo Martins, Menezes Marta Silva, Aguiar Carolina Villa Nova, de Azevedo Roberto Almeida, Cavalcante Weber Ceo, Sarmento Viviane Almeida, Brites Carlos
Postgraduate Program in Medicine and Health, School of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Avenida Reitor Miguel Calmon s/n, CEP 40110-100 Salvador, Bahia Brazil.
Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, Bahia Brazil.
Appl Res Qual Life. 2023;18(1):229-247. doi: 10.1007/s11482-022-10117-0. Epub 2022 Nov 11.
We aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety and to identify associated factors among multi-professional residents in Brazil during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study included a sample of 752 multi-professional residents selected by snowball technique. Symptoms of anxiety were measured by the Beck anxiety inventory scale (≥ 16 cut-off). We used WHOQOL-BREF to access the health-related quality of life and the Maslach Burnout Inventory to measure the burnout syndrome. PR and respective 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using the Poisson regression model. The prevalence of anxiety was 41.2% (310/752). Some variables were strongly associated with anxiety: afraid of getting COVID-19; extra work demand during COVID-19 pandemic; sweating/wheezing/increased heart rate during work; feeling safe when using personal protective equipment at work, and psychological support from residence preceptors. Residents with symptoms of anxiety showed high emotional exhaustion at work (36.6 ± 9.6 vs. 24.7 ± 10.7, P = 0.001) and depersonalization (8.9 ± 6.0 vs. 5.6 ± 4.9, P = 0.001). Correlations coefficients between emotional exhaustion versus Physical WHOQOL-BREF and between emotional exhaustion versus Psychological WHOQOL-BREF were significantly lower among residents without anxiety (P = 0.027 and P = 0,03, respectively). The prevalence of anxiety was high and strongly associated with several variables, particularly with being afraid of getting COVID-19, the perception of workload, somatization (sweating, wheezing and increased heart rate during work), feeling unsafe when using personal protective equipment, and lack of psychological support from residence preceptors. Anxiety was associated with increased emotional exhaustion and depersonalization and low health-related quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Low WHOQOL-BREF environment domain, and high emotional exhaustion MBI domain increased the chances of presenting symptoms of anxiety.
我们旨在确定在新冠疫情初期巴西多专业住院医师中焦虑症的患病率，并找出相关因素。一项横断面研究纳入了通过滚雪球技术选取的752名多专业住院医师样本。焦虑症状通过贝克焦虑量表（临界值≥16）进行测量。我们使用世界卫生组织生活质量简表（WHOQOL - BREF）来评估健康相关生活质量，并使用马氏职业倦怠量表来测量职业倦怠综合征。使用泊松回归模型计算患病率（PR）及相应的95%置信区间（CI）。焦虑症的患病率为41.2%（310/752）。一些变量与焦虑症密切相关：害怕感染新冠病毒；新冠疫情期间额外的工作需求；工作时出汗/气喘/心率加快；工作时使用个人防护装备时感觉不安全，以及来自住院医师导师的心理支持。有焦虑症状的住院医师在工作中表现出较高的情绪耗竭（36.6±9.6 vs. 24.7±10.7，P = 0.001）和去个性化（8.9±6.0 vs. 5.6±4.9，P = 0.001）。在无焦虑的住院医师中，情绪耗竭与WHOQOL - BREF身体维度之间以及情绪耗竭与WHOQOL - BREF心理维度之间的相关系数显著更低（分别为P = 0.027和P = 0.03）。焦虑症的患病率较高，且与多个变量密切相关，特别是害怕感染新冠病毒、工作量认知、躯体化（工作时出汗、气喘和心率加快）、使用个人防护装备时感觉不安全，以及缺乏住院医师导师的心理支持。在巴西新冠疫情期间，焦虑症与情绪耗竭增加、去个性化以及健康相关生活质量低下有关。WHOQOL - BREF环境维度得分低以及马氏职业倦怠量表情绪耗竭维度得分高增加了出现焦虑症状的几率。
