Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Division of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital Dou-Liou Branch, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Yunlin, Taiwan.
Front Public Health. 2022 Nov 3;10:951638. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.951638. eCollection 2022.
Metabolic syndrome is common nowadays and may increase risk of hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular complications and even mortality. Renal cysts are also frequently found during routine examination. However, the relationship between simple renal cysts (SRCs) and metabolic syndrome remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association of SRCs with metabolic syndrome.
A total of 16,216 subjects aged ≥18 years were enrolled in this study. SRCs were diagnosed with ultrasonography by finding: sharp, thin posterior walls, a round/oval shape, absence of internal echoes, and posterior enhancement. SRCs were categorized by number (0, 1, and ≥2) and size (<2 and ≥2 cm). Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to the consensus statement from the International Diabetes Federation.
In multivariate analysis, SRCs were positively related to metabolic syndrome (OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.06-1.34). The risk of metabolic syndrome was higher for SRCs with a number ≥2 (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.08-1.68) and size ≥2 cm (OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.10-1.61). When considering the SRC number and size concomitantly, SRCs with a number ≥2/size ≥2 cm (OR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.02-1.98) or <2/size ≥2 cm (OR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.04-1.62) were positively related to metabolic syndrome.
Simple renal cysts were found to be related to a higher risk of metabolic syndrome, and the association is more significant in those with larger (sizes ≥2cm) or plural (numbers ≥2) SRCs.
代谢综合征现在很常见，可能会增加患高血压、2 型糖尿病、心血管并发症甚至死亡的风险。在常规检查中也经常发现肾囊肿。然而，单纯性肾囊肿 (SRCs) 与代谢综合征之间的关系尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨 SRCs 与代谢综合征之间的关系。
本研究共纳入 16216 名年龄≥18 岁的受试者。通过超声检查发现：肾囊肿具有清晰、薄壁、圆形/椭圆形、无内部回声和后增强等特征，从而诊断为肾囊肿。根据肾囊肿的数量（0、1 和≥2）和大小（<2 和≥2cm）进行分类。代谢综合征的诊断依据国际糖尿病联合会的共识声明。
在多变量分析中，SRCs 与代谢综合征呈正相关（OR：1.18，95%CI：1.06-1.34）。肾囊肿数量≥2（OR：1.35，95%CI：1.08-1.68）和大小≥2cm（OR：1.33，95%CI：1.10-1.61）的患者发生代谢综合征的风险更高。当同时考虑肾囊肿的数量和大小时，数量≥2/大小≥2cm（OR：1.42，95%CI：1.02-1.98）或数量<2/大小≥2cm（OR：1.30，95%CI：1.04-1.62）的肾囊肿与代谢综合征呈正相关。
单纯性肾囊肿与代谢综合征的风险增加有关，且肾囊肿数量较多（≥2 个）或体积较大（≥2cm）时相关性更显著。
