老年人膝骨关节炎患者的自我保健行为：计划行为理论的应用。
Self-care behaviors in older adults suffering from knee osteoarthritis: Application of theory of planned behavior.
机构信息
Autism Spectrum Disorders Research Center and Clinical Research Development Unit of Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Department of Public Health, School of Health, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
出版信息
Front Public Health. 2022 Nov 4;10:958614. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.958614. eCollection 2022.
BACKGROUND
Osteoarthritis is one of the main reasons causing disablement. Educational intervention for self-care behaviors of patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis is important because its effect on quality of patient life decreases the economic burden of disorder on society and family. This study aimed to investigate the effect of educational intervention based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) on promoting self-care behaviors in elderly patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis.
METHODS
This quasi-experimental study was performed on 200 elderlies suffering from knee osteoarthritis in the rheumatology clinics of Shiraz, Iran, in 2019. The subjects were divided into two groups (100 experimental and 100 control). Before and after 4 months, both experimental and control groups filled a questionnaire. After administering a pre-test to both groups, only the experimental group was trained based on the TPB constructs on self-care behaviors in elderly people suffering from knee osteoarthritis in eight sessions by presenting educational films and images, power points, and group discussions for solving problems.
RESULTS
The mean age of the experimental group was 67.25 ± 3.64, and the mean age of the control group was 66.12 ± 3.50. The average scores of attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, intention, and behavior before the educational intervention did not have significant differences in experimental and control groups, however, 4 months after the educational intervention, the paired -test indicated significant enhancement in every construct in the experimental group, but no significant changes in the control group.
CONCLUSION
According to the results, the educational intervention increased the self-care behaviors of patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis based on the theory of planned behavior. Therefore, the results of this study can be used in theory-based intervention strategies for self-care behaviors of patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis.
背景
骨关节炎是导致残疾的主要原因之一。对膝关节骨关节炎患者进行自我护理行为的教育干预很重要，因为它可以提高患者的生活质量，从而减轻疾病给社会和家庭带来的经济负担。本研究旨在探讨基于计划行为理论（TPB）的教育干预对促进老年膝关节骨关节炎患者自我护理行为的影响。
方法
本准实验研究于 2019 年在伊朗设拉子风湿病诊所对 200 名老年膝关节骨关节炎患者进行。将受试者分为两组（实验组 100 人，对照组 100 人）。在干预前和干预后 4 个月，实验组和对照组都填写了一份问卷。在对两组进行预测试后，仅对实验组进行了培训，培训内容是基于 TPB 构建的，内容为老年人膝关节骨关节炎的自我护理行为，共进行了 8 次，培训方法包括播放教育影片和图片、使用幻灯片以及小组讨论解决问题。
结果
实验组的平均年龄为 67.25 ± 3.64 岁，对照组的平均年龄为 66.12 ± 3.50 岁。在教育干预前，实验组和对照组的态度、主观规范、感知行为控制、意向和行为的平均得分没有显著差异，但在教育干预 4 个月后，配对检验表明实验组的每个结构都显著增强，而对照组没有显著变化。
结论
根据研究结果，基于计划行为理论的教育干预提高了膝关节骨关节炎患者的自我护理行为。因此，本研究结果可用于膝关节骨关节炎患者自我护理行为的基于理论的干预策略。
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