Urology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Health Policy and Management, Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
BMC Public Health. 2020 Aug 26;20(1):1290. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-09385-y.
Self-care behaviors and positive changes in lifestyle are essential for successful hypertension control. We used a behavioral model based on the theory of planned behavior to assess which factors influence self-care behaviors for controlling hypertension.
In this cross-sectional study, five hundred patients with at leastaone-year history of diagnosed hypertension participated in this study. The data collection tool was designed based on the theory of planned behavior. Structural equation modeling was used to estimate the main parameters.
For self-care behaviors, ninety-six (19.2%) and forty-five (9.1%) participants had good knowledge and acceptable behavior(≥8 out of 10 points). Having perceived behavioral control regarding quitting smoking and alcohol intake was associated with the patient's intention and behavior [b:1.283 ± .095 and b:1.59 ± .014 (p < .001)]. Having perceived behavioral control over the other self-care behaviors had a positive effect on the intention in female patients [b: .885 ± .442 (p = .045)]. Subjective norms had a positive effect on behavioral intention in younger patients [b:4.52 ± 2.24 (P = .04)].
Group-specific behavioral barriers are important when improving self-care behaviors in patients with hypertension. Perceived control over self-care behaviors is more important in vulnerable patients, such as the elderly and women.
自我护理行为和生活方式的积极改变对于成功控制高血压至关重要。我们使用基于计划行为理论的行为模型来评估哪些因素影响控制高血压的自我护理行为。
在这项横断面研究中，500 名至少有一年被诊断为高血压病史的患者参与了这项研究。数据收集工具是基于计划行为理论设计的。结构方程模型用于估计主要参数。
在自我护理行为方面，96 名（19.2%）和 45 名（9.1%）参与者具有良好的知识和可接受的行为（≥10 分中的 8 分）。对戒烟和饮酒摄入的感知行为控制与患者的意图和行为有关[b：1.283±0.095 和 b：1.59±0.014（p<.001）]。对其他自我护理行为的感知行为控制对女性患者的意图有积极影响[b：0.885±0.442（p=0.045）]。主观规范对年轻患者的行为意图有积极影响[b：4.52±2.24（P=0.04）]。
在改善高血压患者的自我护理行为时，针对特定群体的行为障碍很重要。对于脆弱患者（如老年人和女性），对自我护理行为的感知控制更为重要。
