Miller-Rushing Abraham J, Ellwood Elizabeth R, Crimmins Theresa M, Gallinat Amanda S, Phillips Molly, Sandler Ronald L, Primack Richard B
US National Park Service, Acadia National Park, Bar Harbor, ME, USA.
iDigBio, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Biol Conserv. 2022 Dec;276:109788. doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2022.109788. Epub 2022 Nov 8.
The COVID-19 pandemic is stimulating improvements in remote access and use of technology in conservation-related programs and research. In many cases, organizations have intended for remote engagement to benefit groups that have been marginalized in the sciences. But are they? It is important to consider how remote access affects social justice in conservation biology-i.e., the principle that . To support such consideration, we describe a typology of justice-oriented principles that can be used to examine social justice in a range of conservation activities. We apply this typology to three conservation areas: (1) remote access to US national park educational programs and data; (2) digitization of natural history specimens and their use in conservation research; and (3) remote engagement in conservation-oriented citizen science. We then address the questions: Which justice-oriented principles are salient in which conservation contexts or activities? How can those principles be best realized in those contexts or activities? In each of the three areas we examined, remote access increased participation, but access and benefits were not equally distributed and unanticipated consequences have not been adequately addressed. We identify steps that can and are being taken to advance social justice in conservation, such as assessing programs to determine if they are achieving their stated social justice-oriented aims and revising initiatives as needed. The framework that we present could be used to assess the social justice dimensions of many conservation programs, institutions, practices, and policies.
新冠疫情正在推动与保护相关的项目和研究在远程访问和技术应用方面的改进。在许多情况下，各组织希望远程参与能使在科学界处于边缘地位的群体受益。但实际情况是这样吗？重要的是要考虑远程访问如何影响保护生物学中的社会正义，即……原则。为支持这种考量，我们描述了一种以正义为导向的原则类型学，可用于审视一系列保护活动中的社会正义。我们将这种类型学应用于三个保护领域：（1）远程访问美国国家公园教育项目和数据；（2）自然历史标本的数字化及其在保护研究中的应用；（3）以保护为导向的公民科学中的远程参与。然后我们探讨以下问题：哪些以正义为导向的原则在哪些保护背景或活动中最为突出？如何在这些背景或活动中最好地实现这些原则？在我们研究的三个领域中，远程访问都增加了参与度，但访问机会和收益分配不均，意外后果也未得到充分解决。我们确定了可以且正在采取的推进保护领域社会正义的步骤，比如评估项目以确定它们是否实现了既定的社会正义目标，并根据需要修订相关举措。我们提出的框架可用于评估许多保护项目、机构、做法和政策的社会正义维度。
