Department of Midwifery, Debre Tabor Health Sciences College, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2022 Nov 21;17(11):e0276465. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276465. eCollection 2022.
BACKGROUND: The human papillomavirus vaccine is one of the main preventative measures for cervical cancer. However, global vaccine uptake is low; the problem is particularly acute in low and middle-income countries. The purpose of this study is to assess female preparatory school students' knowledge, attitude, and uptake of the human papillomavirus vaccine and associated factors in Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia. METHODS: Institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 633 female preparatory school students in Bahir Dar city from March 1-30, 2021. Participants were selected using the multistage sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured self-administered questionnaire and entered into Epi-data and exported to SPSS for analysis. Binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses were done using an odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval. Finally-value < 0.05 was considered significant in multivariable analysis. RESULT: The proportion of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake, knowledge of the vaccine, and respondents' attitudes toward the vaccine were 45.3% (95% CI = 41.6-49.4%), 58.1% (95% CI = 54.4-61.9%), and 16% (95% CI = 13.2-19.5%), respectively. Having a history of sexual contact AOR = 2.80 (95% CI = 1.64-4.76), hearing about HPV infection AOR = 1.59 (95% CI = 1.13-2.24), and having a positive attitude toward HPV vaccine AOR = 1.46 (95% CI = 1.03-2.08) were significantly associated with knowledge about the HPV vaccine. Discussion of reproductive health issues with family AOR = 2.558 (95%CI = 1.800-3.636), and having good knowledge about HPV vaccine AOR = 3.571(95%CI = 2.494-5.113) were associated with a positive attitude toward the HPV vaccine. Good knowledge AOR = 2.36(95%CI = 1.48-3.76) and a positive attitude toward HPV vaccine AOR = 2.87(95%CI = 1.70-4.85) were strongly associated with HPV vaccine utilization. CONCLUSION: In this study, there was a very low uptake of HPV vaccination among female students, and only a small proportion of them had good knowledge of the HPV vaccine and a favorable attitude toward the HPV vaccine.
背景：人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗是预防宫颈癌的主要手段之一。然而，全球 HPV 疫苗接种率较低，中低收入国家的问题尤为突出。本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚巴希尔达市女预备学校学生对 HPV 疫苗的知识、态度和接种情况及其相关因素。
方法：2021 年 3 月 1 日至 30 日，采用多阶段抽样技术，在巴希尔达市的 633 名女预备学校学生中进行了基于机构的横断面研究。使用结构化的自我管理问卷收集数据，并输入 EpiData 并导出到 SPSS 进行分析。使用比值比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI）进行二项和多变量逻辑回归分析。多变量分析中，最终值<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
结果：HPV 疫苗接种率、疫苗知识知晓率和受访者对疫苗的态度率分别为 45.3%（95%CI=41.6-49.4%）、58.1%（95%CI=54.4-61.9%）和 16%（95%CI=13.2-19.5%）。有性接触史的比值比（OR）为 2.80（95%CI=1.64-4.76），听说过 HPV 感染的 OR 为 1.59（95%CI=1.13-2.24），对 HPV 疫苗的态度积极的 OR 为 1.46（95%CI=1.03-2.08），与 HPV 疫苗知识显著相关。与家人讨论生殖健康问题的比值比（OR）为 2.558（95%CI=1.800-3.636），对 HPV 疫苗有良好的知识的 OR 为 3.571（95%CI=2.494-5.113），与对 HPV 疫苗的积极态度相关。良好的知识知晓率（OR=2.36，95%CI=1.48-3.76）和对 HPV 疫苗的积极态度（OR=2.87，95%CI=1.70-4.85）与 HPV 疫苗的接种率呈强相关。
结论：在这项研究中，女学生 HPV 疫苗接种率非常低，只有一小部分学生对 HPV 疫苗有较好的了解，对 HPV 疫苗持积极态度。
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