Zhdanov Vladislav, Smirnov Pavel, Andrzejewski Lukasz, Bondareva Julia, Evlashin Stanislav
Higher School of Economics, 20 Myasnitskaya Str., Moscow 101000, Russia.
Ioffe Institute, 26 Politekhnicheskaya Str., St Petersburg 194021, Russia.
Heliyon. 2022 Nov 11;8(11):e11519. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11519. eCollection 2022 Nov.
Diamond is a form of carbon that has been attracting attention for hundreds of years, owing to its physical and chemical properties of hardness, thermal conductivity, chemical inertness, and transparency. Labor and the long-term impact of a diverse workforce, is one of the most important factors in diamond mining and production and must be considered when assessing economic benefits. In the present study, we examined the labor input required to obtain one carat of diamond, via three methods: open-cast mining, high-pressure high-temperature synthesis and 2.45-GHz microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition. We discovered that to produce a carat of (near-) colorless diamond, the labor inputs are approximately 1.83 h and 3.43 h of work using the HPHT and 2.45-GHz MP CVD methods, respectively. We noted a lower labor input of work per carat for the mining of diamonds of assorted sizes and colors from the two main DeBeers diamond fields in Botswana (Orapa and Jwaneng). This paper is based on our observations and public reports, and we think that our findings will be helpful in understanding the labor input per carat for the analyzed methods, understanding the main technological challenges facing the diamond industry that could potentially affect future labor productivity.
钻石是碳的一种形式，数百年来一直因其硬度、热导率、化学惰性和透明度等物理化学性质而备受关注。劳动力以及多元化劳动力的长期影响，是钻石开采和生产中最重要的因素之一，在评估经济效益时必须予以考虑。在本研究中，我们通过三种方法研究了获取一克拉钻石所需的劳动力投入：露天开采、高温高压合成和2.45吉赫兹微波等离子体化学气相沉积。我们发现，使用高温高压法和2.45吉赫兹微波等离子体化学气相沉积法生产一克拉（近）无色钻石，劳动力投入分别约为1.83小时和3.43小时。我们注意到，从博茨瓦纳的两个主要戴比尔斯钻石矿场（奥拉帕和贾瓦能）开采各种尺寸和颜色的钻石，每克拉的劳动力投入较低。本文基于我们的观察和公开报告，我们认为我们的研究结果将有助于了解所分析方法每克拉的劳动力投入，有助于了解钻石行业可能影响未来劳动生产率的主要技术挑战。
