[The question of endemic malaria in Republic of Djibouti (author's transl)].

Since 1973 autochthonous cases of malaria due to P. Falciparum have been reported among local population of French Afars and Issas Territory; 191 cases observed between 1973 and 1976 are recorded. Their monthly distribution and geographical repartition are studied, jointly with the distribution of A. gambiae which has been recently collected in the Territory. This study shows a significant correspondance between the presence of A. gambiae and the malaria cases observed which did not come from neighbouring countries. We may, then, expect the development of small disseminated foci, resulting from the simultaneous introduction of both the parasite and its anopheline vector. This brings about a new epidemiological situation for the Territory.