Mäkitie Antti A, Agaimy Abbas, Almangush Alhadi
Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 Helsinki, Finland.
Division of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska Hospital, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden.
Cancers (Basel). 2022 Nov 10;14(22):5514. doi: 10.3390/cancers14225514.
Tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system is the cornerstone for treatment planning of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Many prognostic biomarkers have been introduced as modifiers to further improve the TNM classification of HNSCC. Here, we provide an overview on the use of the recent prognostic biomarkers, with a focus on histopathologic parameters, in improving the risk stratification of HNSCC and their application in the next generation of HNSCC staging systems.
肿瘤-淋巴结-转移（TNM）分期系统是头颈部鳞状细胞癌（HNSCC）治疗规划的基石。许多预后生物标志物已被引入作为修正因素，以进一步完善HNSCC的TNM分类。在此，我们概述了近期预后生物标志物的应用，重点关注组织病理学参数，以改善HNSCC的风险分层及其在新一代HNSCC分期系统中的应用。
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