Zheng Shutao, Liang Yan, Tan Yiyi, Li Lu, Liu Qing, Liu Tao, Lu Xiaomei
State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, China.
Department of Pathology, Basic Medicine College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China.
Cancers (Basel). 2022 Nov 10;14(22):5532. doi: 10.3390/cancers14225532.
The majority of proteins are subjected to post-translational modifications (PTMs), regardless of whether they occur in or after biosynthesis of the protein. Capable of altering the physical and chemical properties and functions of proteins, PTMs are thus crucial. By fostering the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cancer cells with which they communicate in the tumor microenvironment (TME), M2 macrophages have emerged as key cellular players in the TME. Furthermore, growing evidence illustrates that PTMs can occur in M2 macrophages as well, possibly participating in molding the multifaceted characteristics and physiological behaviors in the TME. Hence, there is a need to review the PTMs that have been reported to occur within M2 macrophages. Although there are several reviews available regarding the roles of M2 macrophages, the majority of these reviews overlooked PTMs occurring within M2 macrophages. Considering this, in this review, we provide a review focusing on the advancement of PTMs that have been reported to take place within M2 macrophages, mainly in the TME, to better understand the performance of M2 macrophages in the tumor microenvironment. Incidentally, we also briefly cover the advances in developing inhibitors that target PTMs and the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the prediction and analysis of PTMs at the end of the review.
大多数蛋白质都会经历翻译后修饰（PTM），无论这些修饰发生在蛋白质生物合成过程中还是之后。PTM能够改变蛋白质的物理和化学性质以及功能，因此至关重要。通过促进与肿瘤微环境（TME）中癌细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭，M2巨噬细胞已成为TME中的关键细胞成分。此外，越来越多的证据表明，PTM也会在M2巨噬细胞中发生，可能参与塑造TME中的多方面特征和生理行为。因此，有必要对已报道在M2巨噬细胞中发生的PTM进行综述。尽管有几篇关于M2巨噬细胞作用的综述，但这些综述大多忽略了M2巨噬细胞内发生的PTM。考虑到这一点，在本综述中，我们主要针对TME中已报道在M2巨噬细胞内发生的PTM进展进行综述，以更好地了解M2巨噬细胞在肿瘤微环境中的表现。顺便提一下，在综述结尾我们还简要介绍了针对PTM的抑制剂开发进展以及人工智能（AI）在PTM预测和分析中的应用。
