MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
BMJ Open. 2022 Nov 28;12(11):e066224. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066224.
To explore expert views on the potential value, and approaches to establishing and administering a tobacco control fund in the UK.
Semistructured interviews and follow-up discussion groups.
Twenty-four UK and international experts on tobacco control regulation, public health, economics or law from the academic, public, private and third sector.
Participants considered the relative merit of (1) general excise tax on retail tobacco sales; (2) ring-fenced hypothecation of excise taxes on retail tobacco sales; and (3) a direct levy on tobacco manufacturers. Preliminary synthesis of interview findings was deliberated on in two follow-up discussion groups to identify key considerations for policy design.
Most experts agreed that a ring-fenced tobacco control fund would be a valuable method of raising predictable and reliable funds from tobacco producers either using either companies' sales volume or market share as a way to establish the proportion they should pay. Experts predominantly recommended that a fund in the UK should be administered by a government body with devolved nation input and with an independent advisory group. They typically indicated that funding should be allocated yearly with a distribution at local, regional and national levels to support smoking prevention and cessation rather than treatment activities with priority given to measures that tackle smoking-related inequalities.
There was overwhelming agreement by experts on the need to establish a tobacco control fund to help meet the proposed government tobacco-free targets to reduce adult smoking prevalence to 5% by 2030 (England) and 2034 (Scotland).
探讨英国建立和管理烟草控制基金的潜在价值和方法，探索专家的观点。
半结构化访谈和后续讨论小组。
24 名来自英国和国际的烟草控制监管、公共卫生、经济学或法律领域的专家，来自学术、公共、私营和第三部门。
参与者考虑了以下三种方法的相对价值：（1）对零售烟草销售征收一般消费税；（2）对零售烟草销售征收的消费税进行专款专用；（3）对烟草制造商征收直接税。在两次后续讨论小组中，对访谈结果进行了初步综合，以确定政策设计的关键考虑因素。
大多数专家一致认为，设立一个专款专用的烟草控制基金是从烟草生产商那里筹集可预测和可靠资金的一种有价值的方法，可以选择使用公司的销售额或市场份额来确定他们应缴纳的比例。专家们主要建议，英国的基金应由一个政府机构管理，该机构应考虑到各地区的意见，并设立一个独立的咨询小组。他们通常表示，资金应按年度分配，在地方、地区和国家各级分配，以支持预防和戒烟活动，而不是以治疗活动为主，优先考虑解决与吸烟有关的不平等问题的措施。
专家们一致认为，有必要建立一个烟草控制基金，以帮助实现政府提出的烟草控制目标，即到 2030 年（英格兰）和 2034 年（苏格兰）将成年人吸烟率降低到 5%。
