Campos Lucas Arrais, Dos Santos Adrielly, Sampaio Mafalda Margarida Basto, Marôco João, Campos Juliana Alvares Duarte Bonini
Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
Front Psychol. 2022 Nov 14;13:1009762. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1009762. eCollection 2022.
Identifying the motives why people exercise is interesting for the planning of effective health promoting strategies.
To estimate the psychometric properties of the exercise motivations inventory (EMI-2) in Brazilian and Portuguese university students, and to compare motive-related factors for exercise among students.
One thousand Brazilian (randomly splitted into "Test sample" [ = 498] and "Validation sample" [ = 502]) and 319 Portuguese students participated in this cross-sectional study. Motives for exercise were evaluated using EMI-2. Exploratory factor analysis was performed in the test sample. Then, confirmatory factor analysis was performed in the validation and Portuguese samples. The EMI-2 scores were compared according to sex, exercise, and weight status (ANOVA, = 5%).
EMI-2 factor model was explained by 5 factors and presented adequate fit ( / ≤ 3.2; CFI ≥ 0.9; TLI ≥ 0.9; RMSEA ≤ 0.07; and ≥ 0.83). The motives for exercising were mainly related to psychological and interpersonal factors for men, health-related factors for women, and body-related factors for overweight and obese individuals. People who practice exercise had higher EMI-2 scores.
The 5-factor model is suggested for a comprehensive assessment of motives for exercise. Individual characteristics should be considered for development of tailored protocols.
确定人们锻炼的动机对于制定有效的健康促进策略很有意义。
评估巴西和葡萄牙大学生运动动机量表（EMI-2）的心理测量特性，并比较学生锻炼的动机相关因素。
1000名巴西学生（随机分为“测试样本”[=498]和“验证样本”[=502]）和319名葡萄牙学生参与了这项横断面研究。使用EMI-2评估锻炼动机。在测试样本中进行探索性因素分析。然后，在验证样本和葡萄牙样本中进行验证性因素分析。根据性别、锻炼情况和体重状况比较EMI-2得分（方差分析，=5%）。
EMI-2因素模型由5个因素解释，拟合良好（/≤3.2；CFI≥0.9；TLI≥0.9；RMSEA≤0.07；≥0.83）。男性锻炼的动机主要与心理和人际因素有关，女性与健康相关因素有关，超重和肥胖个体与身体相关因素有关。进行锻炼的人EMI-2得分更高。
建议采用5因素模型对锻炼动机进行全面评估。制定个性化方案时应考虑个体特征。
