Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, College of Health Science and Medicine Wolaita Sodo University, Sodo, Ethiopia.
Department Nursing, College of Health Science and Medicine, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia.
PLoS One. 2022 Dec 1;17(12):e0277839. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277839. eCollection 2022.
Cancer is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in every part of the world, regardless of human development. Cancer patients exhibit a wide range of signs and symptoms. Being diagnosed with cancer has a variety of consequences that can affect one's quality of life. The term "health-related quality of life" refers to a multidimensional concept that encompasses a person's whole health. The availability of data on the prevalence of poor quality of life among cancer patients in Ethiopia is critical in order to focus on early detection and enhance cancer treatment strategies. In Ethiopia, however, there is a scarcity of information. As a result, the aim of this study was to determine the pooled estimated prevalence of quality of life among cancer patients in Ethiopia.
This systematic review and meta-analysis were searched through MEDLINE, Pub Med, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar by using different search terms on the prevalence of health-related quality of life of cancer patients and Ethiopia. Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument was used for critical appraisal of studies. The analysis was done using STATA 14 software. The Cochran Q test and I2 test statistics were used to test the heterogeneity of studies. The funnel plot and Egger's test were used to show the publication bias. The pooled prevalence of health-related quality of life of cancer with a 95% confidence interval was presented using forest plots.
A total of 12 studies with 3, 479 participants were included in this review and the overall pooled estimates mean score of health-related quality of life among cancer patients in Ethiopia was 57.91(44.55, 71.27, I2 = 98.8%, p≤0.001). Average monthly income (AOR:3.70;95%CI:1.31,6.10), Stage of cancer (AOR:4.92;95% CI:2.96,6.87), Physical functioning(AOR:4.11;95%CI:1.53,6.69), Social functioning(AOR:3.91;95% CI:1.68,6.14) were significantly associated with quality of life. Subgroup meta-analysis of health-related quality of life of cancer patients in Ethiopia done by region showed that a higher in Addis Ababa 83.64(78.69, 88.60), and lower in SNNP region16.22 (11.73, 20.71), and subgroup analysis done based on the type of cancer showed that higher prevalence of health-related quality of life among cancer patients was breast cancer 83.64(78.69, 88.60).
This review showed that the overall health related quality of life was above an average. Furthermore, average monthly income, cancer stage, physical, and social functioning were all significant determinants in cancer patients' QOL.as a result, this review suggests that quality of life evaluation be incorporated into a patient's treatment routine, with a focus on linked components and domains, as it is a critical tool for avoiding and combating the effects of cancer and considerably improving overall health. In general, more research is needed to discover crucial determining elements utilizing more robust study designs.
癌症是世界上每个地区发病率和死亡率的主要原因，无论人类发展水平如何。癌症患者表现出多种症状和体征。被诊断患有癌症会产生多种后果，这些后果可能会影响一个人的生活质量。“健康相关生活质量”是指一个多维概念，包括一个人的整体健康。了解埃塞俄比亚癌症患者生活质量较差的患病率数据至关重要，因为这有助于关注早期检测并增强癌症治疗策略。然而，埃塞俄比亚缺乏相关信息。因此，本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚癌症患者生活质量的总体估计患病率。
本系统评价和荟萃分析通过 MEDLINE、Pub Med、Cochrane 图书馆和 Google Scholar 进行了搜索，使用了不同的搜索词来搜索癌症患者健康相关生活质量的患病率和埃塞俄比亚。使用 Joanna Briggs 研究所的荟萃分析统计评估和审查工具对研究进行批判性评估。使用 STATA 14 软件进行分析。使用 Cochran Q 检验和 I2 检验统计量来检验研究的异质性。使用漏斗图和 Egger 检验来显示发表偏倚。使用森林图呈现埃塞俄比亚癌症患者健康相关生活质量的总体患病率及其 95%置信区间。
本综述共纳入了 12 项研究，共 3479 名参与者，结果显示，埃塞俄比亚癌症患者健康相关生活质量的总体平均评分得分为 57.91（44.55，71.27，I2=98.8%，p≤0.001）。平均月收入（AOR：3.70；95%CI：1.31,6.10）、癌症分期（AOR：4.92；95%CI：2.96,6.87）、身体功能（AOR：4.11；95%CI：1.53,6.69）、社会功能（AOR：3.91；95%CI：1.68,6.14）与生活质量显著相关。对埃塞俄比亚癌症患者健康相关生活质量的亚组荟萃分析按地区进行，结果显示，亚组荟萃分析结果显示，在亚的斯亚贝巴的评分较高，为 83.64（78.69，88.60），在 SNNP 地区的评分较低，为 16.22（11.73，20.71）。基于癌症类型的亚组分析显示，乳腺癌患者的健康相关生活质量患病率较高，为 83.64（78.69，88.60）。
本综述表明，整体健康相关生活质量高于平均水平。此外，平均月收入、癌症分期、身体和社会功能都是癌症患者生活质量的重要决定因素。因此，本综述建议将生活质量评估纳入患者的治疗常规中，重点关注相关的组成部分和领域，因为这是避免和对抗癌症影响并显著改善整体健康的重要工具。一般来说，需要更多的研究来利用更强大的研究设计来发现关键的决定因素。
