Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Food Engineering of Yibin University, Yibin, Sichuan Province, China.
Solid-State Fermentation Resource Utilization Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Yibin, China.
PLoS One. 2022 Dec 2;17(12):e0278701. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278701. eCollection 2022.
Yanshan ginger (Alpinia zerumbet) is a perennial herb used as a medicine and spice, and is beneficial for soil and water conservation in karst areas. Given the widespread utilization of Yanshan ginger in China and continuing expansion of the planting area, disposal of waste materials is problematic. The branches and leaves of Yanshan ginger contain a variety of potent antibacterial compounds, such as volatile oils, phenols, and diterpenoids, which hinder their rapid degradation by microorganisms. In this study, we screened and constructed a composite microbial system to provide a technical reference for production of organic fertilizer from the branches and leaves of Yanshan ginger.
A composite microbial system, "YanShan Jun" (YSJ), was developed by screening for efficient detoxification and degradation of the branches and leaves of Yanshan ginger. High-throughput sequencing technology was used to investigate the stability and diversity of YSJ subcultures. The culture conditions for YSJ were optimized by sequential single-factor experiments and response surface analysis. Yanshan ginger leaves and branches were inoculated with YSJ to study its effects on composting efficiency.
The microbial composition of YSJ was stable and rich in diversity through continuous subculture. Through response surface analysis, the optimized culture conditions for YSJ were determined as follows: peptone 8.0 g/L, sodium chloride 9.0 g/L, calcium carbonate 5.2 g/L, yeast powder 1.6 g/L, cultivation temperature 56.1°C, and culture duration 6 d. Under these conditions, the degradation rate of Yanshan ginger was 58.32%, which was 14.22% higher than that before optimization. The ability of YSJ to degrade the antibacterial compounds of ginger after optimization was significantly enhanced. Inoculation of Yanshan ginger compost with YSJ increased the fermentation temperature, prolonged the high-temperature period, and reduced the water content and pH of the compost in the early stage.
Inoculation of plant compost with YSJ bacteria improves the nutritional environment of the compost, promotes the composting reaction, promotes the rapid formation of a strong indigenous microflora, forms a beneficial microecological environment, and increases the composting efficiency. This study provides a theoretical basis for practical application of YSJ for organic fertilizer production from Yanshan ginger.
燕山姜（Alpinia zerumbet）是一种多年生草本植物，用作药材和香料，对喀斯特地区的水土保持有益。鉴于燕山姜在中国的广泛应用和种植面积的不断扩大，其废料的处理成为一个问题。燕山姜的枝叶含有多种强效抗菌化合物，如挥发油、酚类和二萜类化合物，这阻碍了微生物对其的快速降解。本研究通过筛选构建了复合微生物系统，为燕山姜枝叶生产有机肥提供技术参考。
通过筛选高效解毒和降解燕山姜枝叶的复合微生物系统“燕山菌”（YSJ）。采用高通量测序技术研究 YSJ 亚培养的稳定性和多样性。通过序贯单因素实验和响应面分析优化 YSJ 的培养条件。将燕山姜叶片和枝条接种到 YSJ 中，研究其对堆肥效率的影响。
YSJ 通过连续传代，微生物组成稳定且丰富多样。通过响应面分析，确定 YSJ 的最佳培养条件为：蛋白胨 8.0 g/L、氯化钠 9.0 g/L、碳酸钙 5.2 g/L、酵母粉 1.6 g/L、培养温度 56.1°C、培养时间 6 d。在此条件下，燕山姜的降解率为 58.32%，比优化前提高了 14.22%。优化后，YSJ 降解生姜抗菌化合物的能力显著增强。在燕山姜堆肥中接种 YSJ 可提高发酵温度，延长高温期，并降低堆肥初期的含水量和 pH 值。
将 YSJ 细菌接种到植物堆肥中可改善堆肥的营养环境，促进堆肥反应，促进强土著微生物群落的快速形成，形成有益的微生态环境，提高堆肥效率。本研究为 YSJ 在燕山姜有机肥生产中的实际应用提供了理论依据。
