Department of Medical Physics and Bio-medical Engineering, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Department of Medical Physics, Guys and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
Br J Radiol. 2023 Nov;96(1151):20220692. doi: 10.1259/bjr.20220692. Epub 2023 Jan 12.
The Control of Electromagnetic Fields at Work Regulations (2016) implement the requirements of the EU Physical Agents (Electromagnetic Fields) Directive 2013 into UK Law. These regulations prohibit exposure of employees to electromagnetic fields above defined exposure limit values (ELVs). However, for MRI work activities, there is an exemption from this requirement provided that exposures are reduced to a level that is as low as is reasonably practicable. There are additional requirements for an adequate risk assessment, provision for staff training and monitoring of any health effects.This document provides specific guidance on achieving compliance with the regulations in the MRI setting. Consideration of what level of exposure is 'reasonable' is key to the proper application of these regulations. The ELVs, as defined in the regulations, are presented in terms of their relevance to exposures in the MRI-setting, what the direct and indirect effects of exposures are likely to be and what reasonable control measures can be put in place. Worked examples provide a step-by-step guide to achieving compliance with the regulations.For typical MRI working practices, it is unlikely that any permanent health effects will be experienced. Indeed, any effects that are experienced are likely to be transient and have no long-term consequences. Control measures to minimise the risks to workers in the MRI environment should already be in place in well-run units and there should be no need to implement additional control measures for exposures above the ELVs.
《工作场所电磁场控制条例(2016)》将欧盟物理因素(电磁场)指令 2013 年的要求纳入英国法律。这些规定禁止员工暴露在规定的暴露限值(ELV)以上的电磁场中。然而,对于 MRI 工作活动,有一个豁免,前提是将暴露降低到尽可能低的合理可行水平。还有其他要求,包括进行充分的风险评估、为员工提供培训以及监测任何健康影响。
本文件提供了在 MRI 环境中实现法规合规性的具体指导。考虑什么水平的暴露是“合理的”是正确应用这些法规的关键。条例中规定的 ELV 是根据其与 MRI 环境中的暴露相关的、暴露的直接和间接影响以及可以采取哪些合理的控制措施来定义的。实例研究提供了逐步实现法规合规性的指南。
对于典型的 MRI 工作实践,不太可能出现任何永久性健康影响。实际上,任何经历过的影响都可能是短暂的,没有长期后果。在管理良好的单位中,已经应该采取了最小化 MRI 环境中工人风险的控制措施,对于超过 ELV 的暴露,无需实施额外的控制措施。