急性抗阻运动对执行功能的影响：强度与执行功能领域调节作用的系统评价
Effects of Acute Resistance Exercise on Executive Function: A Systematic Review of the Moderating Role of Intensity and Executive Function Domain.
作者信息
Huang Tzu-Yu, Chen Feng-Tzu, Li Ruei-Hong, Hillman Charles H, Cline Trevor L, Chu Chien-Heng, Hung Tsung-Min, Chang Yu-Kai
机构信息
Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, 162, Section 1, Heping E. Road., Taipei, 106, Taiwan.
Department of Sports Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
出版信息
Sports Med Open. 2022 Dec 8;8(1):141. doi: 10.1186/s40798-022-00527-7.
BACKGROUND
Research has demonstrated that there is a beneficial effect of acute exercise on cognitive function; however, the moderators of the acute resistance exercise (RE) effect on executive function (EF) are underestimated. This systematic review aims to clarify the effects of acute RE on EF by examining the moderating effect of exercise intensity (light, moderate, and vigorous) and EF domains (inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility), as well as their interactions.
METHODS
The search strategy was conducted in four databases (PubMed, Scopus, PsycARTICLES, and Cochrane Library) prior to January 29, 2022. Included studies had to: (1) investigate acute RE in adults with normal cognition and without diagnosed disease; (2) include a control group or control session for comparison; (3) include outcomes related to the core EF domains; and (4) be published in English. The methodological quality of the included studies was judged according to the PEDro scale guidelines.
RESULTS
Nineteen studies were included which included a total of 692 participants. More than half of the outcomes (24/42, 57.14%) indicate that acute RE had a statistically significant positive effect on overall EF. In terms of RE intensity and EF domain, moderate intensity acute RE benefited EF more consistently than light and vigorous intensity acute RE. Acute RE-induced EF benefits were more often found for inhibitory control than for working memory and cognitive flexibility. When considering moderators simultaneously, measuring inhibitory control after light or moderate intensity RE and measuring working memory or cognitive flexibility after moderate intensity RE most often resulted in statistically significant positive outcomes.
CONCLUSION
Acute RE has a beneficial effect on EF, observed most consistently for inhibitory control following moderate intensity RE. Future studies should include all exercise intensities and EF domains as well as investigate other potential moderators to enable a better understanding of the benefits of acute RE on EF.
背景
研究表明，急性运动对认知功能有有益影响；然而，急性抗阻运动（RE）对执行功能（EF）影响的调节因素却被低估了。本系统评价旨在通过研究运动强度（轻度、中度和剧烈）和EF领域（抑制控制、工作记忆和认知灵活性）的调节作用及其相互作用，阐明急性RE对EF的影响。
方法
在2022年1月29日前在四个数据库（PubMed、Scopus、PsycARTICLES和Cochrane图书馆）中进行检索策略。纳入的研究必须：（1）调查认知正常且未诊断出疾病的成年人的急性RE；（2）包括对照组或对照环节进行比较；（3）包括与核心EF领域相关的结果；（4）以英文发表。根据PEDro量表指南判断纳入研究的方法学质量。
结果
纳入了19项研究，共692名参与者。超过一半的结果（24/42，57.14%）表明，急性RE对整体EF有统计学上显著的积极影响。在RE强度和EF领域方面，中度强度的急性RE比轻度和剧烈强度的急性RE更一致地有益于EF。急性RE诱导的EF益处更多地出现在抑制控制方面，而非工作记忆和认知灵活性方面。同时考虑调节因素时，在轻度或中度强度RE后测量抑制控制，以及在中度强度RE后测量工作记忆或认知灵活性，最常产生统计学上显著的积极结果。
结论
急性RE对EF有有益影响，在中度强度RE后的抑制控制方面观察最为一致。未来的研究应包括所有运动强度和EF领域，并调查其他潜在的调节因素，以便更好地理解急性RE对EF的益处。
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