Abbas Rao Zahid, Alsayeqh Abdullah F, Aqib Amjad Islam
Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Dec 1;12(23):3378. doi: 10.3390/ani12233378.
The poultry sector is facing infections from , , and ., and , that have developed multidrug resistance aptitude. Antibiotics cause disturbances in the balance of normal microbiota leading to dysbiosis, immunosuppression, and the development of secondary infections. Bacteriophages have been reported to lower the colonization of and in poultry. The specificity of bacteriophages is greater than that of antibiotics and can be used as a cocktail for enhanced antibacterial activity. Specie-specific phages have been prepared, e.g., Staphylophage (used against bacteria) that specifically eliminate bacterial pathogens. Bacteriophage products, e.g., BacWash and Ecolicide PX have been developed as antiseptics and disinfectants for effective biosecurity and biosafety measures. The success of phage therapy is influenced by time to use, the amount used, the delivery mechanism, and combination therapy with other therapeutics. It is a need of time to build a comprehensive understanding of the use of bacteriophages in poultry production. The current review thus focuses on mechanisms of bacteriophages against poultry pathogens, their applications in various therapeutics, impacts on the economy, and current challenges.
家禽行业正面临来自[具体病原体名称1]、[具体病原体名称2]、[具体病原体名称3]和[具体病原体名称4]的感染，这些病原体已产生多重耐药性。抗生素会破坏正常微生物群的平衡，导致生态失调、免疫抑制和继发性感染的发生。据报道，噬菌体可降低家禽中[具体病原体名称5]和[具体病原体名称6]的定植。噬菌体的特异性高于抗生素，可作为增强抗菌活性的混合制剂使用。已经制备了种特异性噬菌体，例如葡萄球菌噬菌体（用于对抗[具体细菌名称]），可特异性消除细菌病原体。噬菌体产品，如BacWash和Ecolicide PX，已被开发用作防腐剂和消毒剂，以采取有效的生物安全和生物安保措施。噬菌体疗法的成功受使用时间、使用量、给药机制以及与其他治疗方法联合治疗的影响。全面了解噬菌体在家禽生产中的应用是当务之急。因此，本综述重点关注噬菌体对抗家禽病原体的机制、其在各种治疗方法中的应用、对经济的影响以及当前面临的挑战。
