Fieß Achim, Riedl Jana C, Gißler Sandra, Mildenberger Eva, Urschitz Michael S, Stoffelns Bernhard, Pfeiffer Norbert, Schuster Alexander K
Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
J Clin Med. 2022 Nov 23;11(23):6903. doi: 10.3390/jcm11236903.
Background/Aims: This study investigated whether there are changes in corneal surface regularity and corneal thickness in adults born small, appropriate, or large for gestational age at term. Methods: This retrospective cohort study involved prospective Scheimpflug imaging of the cornea (Pentacam®) to compare the corneal thickness and aberrations between adults classified as small for gestational age (SGA), normal birth weight (BW), and large for gestational age (LGA). Multivariable linear regression was applied to analyze associations with gestational age, BW percentile, placental insufficiency, preeclampsia, and breastfeeding. Results: In total, 448 eyes of 261 individuals born full term (aged 29.9 ± 9.5 years, 140 females) were examined, including 29 severe SGA (BW < 3rd percentile), 32 moderate SGA (BW between 3rd and <10th percentile), 132 normal BW (BW between 10th and 90th percentile), 35 moderate LGA (BW between >90th and 97th percentile), and 33 severe LGA (BW > 97th percentile). There were no differences between groups in the corneal aberrations of the total cornea as well as of the corneal front surface, except for higher-order aberrations in the front of the cornea (p = 0.032). There was an association between the increased total root mean square of higher-order aberrations and lower birth weight percentile (p = 0.004), with increased higher-order aberrations correlating with lower visual acuity and spherical equivalent. Conclusion: Restricted prenatal growth is associated with increased higher-order aberrations in adulthood.
背景/目的：本研究调查足月出生时体重小于、适宜或大于胎龄的成年人角膜表面规则性和角膜厚度是否存在变化。方法：这项回顾性队列研究对角膜进行前瞻性Scheimpflug成像（Pentacam®），以比较分类为小于胎龄（SGA）、正常出生体重（BW）和大于胎龄（LGA）的成年人之间的角膜厚度和像差。应用多变量线性回归分析与胎龄、BW百分位数、胎盘功能不全、先兆子痫和母乳喂养之间的关联。结果：总共检查了261名足月出生个体（年龄29.9±9.5岁，女性140名）的448只眼睛，包括29例重度SGA（BW<第3百分位数）、32例中度SGA（BW在第3至<第10百分位数之间）、132例正常BW（BW在第10至第90百分位数之间）、35例中度LGA（BW在>第90至第97百分位数之间）和33例重度LGA（BW>第97百分位数）。除角膜前部的高阶像差外，各组之间在全角膜以及角膜前表面的角膜像差方面没有差异（p = 0.032）。高阶像差的总均方根增加与较低的出生体重百分位数之间存在关联（p = 0.004），高阶像差增加与较低的视力和球镜当量相关。结论：产前生长受限与成年期高阶像差增加有关。
