School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Nov 25;23(23):14766. doi: 10.3390/ijms232314766.
The current global pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) of COVID-19 has infected hundreds of millions of people, killed millions, and continues to pose a threat. It has become one of the largest epidemics in human history, causing enormous damage to people's lives and economies in the whole world. However, there are still many uncertainties and continued attention to the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on human health. The entry of SARS-CoV-2 into host cells is facilitated by the binding of the spike protein on the virus surface to the cell surface receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Furthermore, transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) is a host surface protease that cleaves and proteolytically activates its S protein, which is necessary for viral infection. Thus, SARS-CoV-2 uses the ACE2 receptor for cell entry and initiates the S protein using the protease TMPRSS2. (SC) is one of the most widely distributed fungi, often found on the rotten wood of trees that has been found to have various health benefits, including anticancer, antimicrobial activity, antiparasitic, and immunomodulatory function. In this article, SC significantly diminished the expression ACE2 and TMPRSS2 protein in vitro and in vivo without cell damage. In addition, adenosine from SC was also proven in this experiment to reduce the ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression. Thus, our findings suggest that SC and adenosine exhibit potential for the repression of SARS-CoV-2 infection via the ACE2 and TMPRSS2 axis.
当前严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的 COVID-19 全球大流行已感染数亿人，造成数百万人死亡，并继续构成威胁。它已成为人类历史上最大的流行病之一，给全世界人民的生活和经济造成了巨大破坏。然而，SARS-CoV-2 对人类健康的影响仍存在许多不确定性，需要持续关注。SARS-CoV-2 进入宿主细胞是通过病毒表面的刺突蛋白与细胞表面受体血管紧张素转换酶 2（ACE2）结合来促进的。此外，跨膜丝氨酸蛋白酶 2（TMPRSS2）是一种宿主表面蛋白酶，可切割并蛋白水解激活其 S 蛋白，这是病毒感染所必需的。因此，SARS-CoV-2 利用 ACE2 受体进入细胞，并利用蛋白酶 TMPRSS2 启动 S 蛋白。
（SC）是分布最广泛的真菌之一，常存在于腐烂的树木上，已被发现具有多种健康益处，包括抗癌、抗菌、抗寄生虫和免疫调节功能。在本文中，SC 在体外和体内显著降低了 ACE2 和 TMPRSS2 蛋白的表达，而没有细胞损伤。此外，实验还证明 SC 中的腺苷也能降低 ACE2 和 TMPRSS2 的表达。因此，我们的研究结果表明，SC 和腺苷通过 ACE2 和 TMPRSS2 轴具有抑制 SARS-CoV-2 感染的潜力。
