Geampana Alina, Perrotta Manuela
Department of Sociology and Policy, School of Social Sciences and Humanities, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
Department of People and Organisations, School of Business and Management, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom.
Sci Technol Human Values. 2023 Jan;48(1):212-233. doi: 10.1177/01622439211057105. Epub 2021 Nov 15.
This article analyzes local algorithmic practices resulting from the increased use of time-lapse (TL) imaging in fertility treatment. The data produced by TL technologies are expected to help professionals pick the best embryo for implantation. The emergence of TL has been characterized by promissory discourses of deeper embryo knowledge and expanded selection standardization, despite professionals having no conclusive evidence that TL improves pregnancy rates. Our research explores the use of TL tools in embryology labs. We pay special attention to standardization efforts and knowledge-creation facilitated through TL and its incorporated algorithms. Using ethnographic data from five UK clinical sites, we argue that knowledge generated through TL is contingent upon complex human-machine interactions that produce local uncertainties. Thus, algorithms do not simply add medical knowledge. Rather, they rearrange professional practice and expertise. Firstly, we show how TL changes lab routines and training needs. Secondly, we show that the human input TL requires renders the algorithm itself an uncertain and situated practice. This, in turn, raises professional questions about the algorithm's authority in embryo selection. The article demonstrates the embedded nature of algorithmic knowledge production, thus pointing to the need for STS scholarship to further explore the locality of algorithms and AI.
本文分析了生育治疗中延时(TL)成像使用增加所产生的局部算法实践。TL技术产生的数据有望帮助专业人员挑选出最佳的胚胎用于植入。尽管专业人员没有确凿证据表明TL能提高妊娠率,但TL的出现一直伴随着有关更深入的胚胎知识和扩大选择标准化的承诺性论述。我们的研究探讨了TL工具在胚胎学实验室中的使用。我们特别关注通过TL及其内置算法所推动的标准化努力和知识创造。利用来自英国五个临床地点的人种志数据,我们认为通过TL产生的知识取决于复杂的人机交互,而这种交互会产生局部的不确定性。因此,算法并非简单地增加医学知识。相反,它们重新安排了专业实践和专业知识。首先,我们展示了TL如何改变实验室日常工作和培训需求。其次,我们表明TL所需的人工输入使得算法本身成为一种不确定的、因地制宜的实践。这反过来又引发了关于算法在胚胎选择中的权威性的专业问题。本文展示了算法知识生产的嵌入性本质,从而指出科学技术与社会(STS)学术研究需要进一步探索算法和人工智能的局部性。