Siewwuttanagul Somsiri, Jittrapirom Peraphan
The Cluster of Logistics and Rail Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Thailand.
Research Methodology Group, Business Administration Nijmegen School of Management, Radboud University, the Netherlands.
Transp Res Interdiscip Perspect. 2023 Jan;17:100737. doi: 10.1016/j.trip.2022.100737. Epub 2022 Dec 5.
The COVID-19 pandemic and related measures used to contain its spread affected public transport ridership in cities around the world. In Thailand, the government issued 41 Royal Decrees between April 2020 and December 2021 to mitigate the spread of the pandemic. In this study, we investigate how Bangkok's public transport services (bus, metro, and boat) have been affected during this period by analyzing the daily ridership data, confirmed COVID-19 cases, and aggregated travel trends by trip destinations using from Google mobility reports. The results show that public transport ridership decreased as daily COVID cases increased and the levels of restraining measures became higher. However, other factors, such as relative strictness compared to earlier measures and sequencing of the measures seems to have had an impact on the ridership. Moreover, the impact on ridership trends is unique for each of the three modes. Bus and metro ridership appear to be more sensitive to the changes in restrictions than the boats. Bus and metro ridership also shows similar changes in the travel trends concerning the place of visit. The findings reported here provide first insights into how Bangkok's public transport systems were affected and suggest the rationale of why different public transport modes were affected differently. These results can be useful for researchers and for decision-makers who plan and design policies and measures for public transport services.
新冠疫情及其相关防控措施影响了全球城市的公共交通客流量。在泰国，政府于2020年4月至2021年12月期间发布了41项皇家法令以减缓疫情传播。在本研究中，我们通过分析每日客流量数据、新冠确诊病例以及利用谷歌出行报告按出行目的地汇总的出行趋势，来调查在此期间曼谷的公共交通服务（公交、地铁和水上交通）受到了怎样的影响。结果表明，随着每日新冠病例数增加以及防控措施力度加大，公共交通客流量下降。然而，其他因素，如与早期措施相比的相对严格程度以及措施的先后顺序，似乎对客流量产生了影响。此外，这三种交通方式各自对客流量趋势的影响是独特的。公交和地铁客流量似乎比水上交通对限制措施的变化更为敏感。公交和地铁客流量在出行目的地的出行趋势方面也呈现出类似变化。此处报告的研究结果首次揭示了曼谷公共交通系统是如何受到影响的，并说明了不同公共交通方式受到不同影响的原因。这些结果对于研究人员以及规划和设计公共交通服务政策与措施的决策者可能会有所帮助。
