White Clair, Weisburd David, Wire Sean, Dong Beidi, Ready Justin
Criminal Justice and Sociology, University of Wyoming College of Arts and Sciences, Laramie, Wyoming, USA.
Criminology, Law, and Society, George Mason University College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Fairfax, Virginia, USA.
Vict Offender. 2022;17(8):1116-1146. doi: 10.1080/15564886.2021.2018079. Epub 2022 Jan 3.
The current study adds the context of the immediate microgeographic environment (measured as the street segment) to the study of individual victimization. Using residential survey and physical observation data collected on 449 street segments nested within 53 communities in Baltimore, MD, we employ multilevel logistic regression models to examine how individual risky lifestyles, the microgeographic context of the street, and community level measures influence self-reported property and violent crime victimization. Results confirm prior studies that show that risky lifestyles play a key role in understanding both property and violent crime victimization, and community indicators of disadvantage play a role in explaining violent crime victimization. At the same time, our models show that the street segment (micro-geographic) level adds significant explanation to our understanding of victimization, suggesting that three level models should be used in explaining individual victimization. The impact of the street segment is particularly salient for property crime.
当前的研究将直接微观地理环境(以街道段为衡量单位)的背景纳入到个体受害情况的研究中。利用在马里兰州巴尔的摩市53个社区内的449个街道段收集的居民调查和实地观察数据,我们采用多层次逻辑回归模型来检验个体的危险生活方式、街道的微观地理背景以及社区层面的指标如何影响自我报告的财产犯罪和暴力犯罪受害情况。结果证实了先前的研究,即危险生活方式在理解财产犯罪和暴力犯罪受害情况方面都起着关键作用,而社区劣势指标在解释暴力犯罪受害情况方面发挥了作用。同时,我们的模型表明,街道段(微观地理)层面为我们对受害情况的理解增加了重要的解释内容,这表明在解释个体受害情况时应使用三级模型。街道段对财产犯罪的影响尤为显著。