Department of Economics, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4PU, United Kingdom.
Department of Economics, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
Sci Rep. 2022 Dec 15;12(1):21549. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-25141-1.
Because of the importance of economic decisions, researchers have looked into what factors influence them. Gender has received a lot of attention for explaining differences in behavior. But how much can be associated with gender, and how much with an individual's biological sex? We run an experimental online study with cis- and transgender participants that (1) looks into correlational differences between gender and sex for competitiveness, risk-taking, and altruism by comparing decisions across these different subject groups. (2) we prime participants with either a masculine or feminine gender identity to examine causal gender effects on behavior. We hypothesize that if gender is indeed a primary factor for decision-making, (i) individuals of the same gender (but different sex) make similar decisions, and (ii) gender priming changes behavior. Based on 780 observations, we conclude that the role of gender (and sex) is not as decisive for economic behavior as originally thought.
由于经济决策的重要性，研究人员已经研究了哪些因素会影响经济决策。性别在解释行为差异方面受到了很多关注。但是，有多少可以归因于性别，又有多少可以归因于个体的生物性别呢？我们对顺性别和跨性别参与者进行了一项实验性的在线研究，（1）通过比较不同主体群体的决策，研究性别和生物性别之间在竞争、冒险和利他主义方面的相关性差异。（2）我们用男性或女性的性别认同来激发参与者，以检验行为的因果性别效应。我们假设，如果性别确实是决策的主要因素，（i）具有相同性别的（但不同性别的）个体做出相似的决策，（ii）性别激发会改变行为。基于 780 个观察结果，我们的结论是，性别（和性别的）在经济行为中的作用并不像最初想象的那样具有决定性。
