Koretz J F, Bertasso A M, Neider M W, True-Gabelt B A, Kaufman P L
Department of Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180-3590.
Exp Eye Res. 1987 Aug;45(2):317-26. doi: 10.1016/s0014-4835(87)80153-7.
Changes in crystalline lens shape and axial thickness, anterior chamber depth and anterior cornea-posterior lens distance during accommodation induced by corneal iontophoresis of carbachol or electrical stimulation of the Edinger-Westphal nucleus were studied in 25 living, surgically aniridic rhesus monkey eyes, aged 1-25 years. Intraocular distances and anterior and posterior lens surface curvatures were evaluated from slit-lamp Scheimpflug photographs; distances were also determined by A-scan ultrasonography. With increasing accommodation, both lens surfaces become more sharply curved, the lens thickens and the anterior chamber shallows, while the posterior lens surface remains fixed relative to the cornea. Within statistical limits, the respective curvature and distance changes are the same for a given dioptric accommodation induced by either stimulation technique. The respective intraocular distance-accommodation relationships are identical whether derived from photographic or ultrasonographic measurements. Temporal and contralateral reproducibility of all measurements is excellent. Each parameter-accommodation relationship is strikingly linear in all eyes, although above 20 D the slopes of the lens surface curvature-accommodation relationships may have decreased. The curvature change per D of accommodation averages approximately 20% more for the posterior than for the anterior lens surface. There is relatively little interindividual variation in the slope of each relationship despite the significant interindividual differences in age and accommodative amplitude, indicating that the relationships are independent of age. However, when extrapolated back to the non-accommodated resting state, the data indicate that the lens thickens, both its surfaces become more sharply curved, and the anterior chamber shallows with age in adult greater than 5 years, while opposite trends are seen in younger animals.
在25只年龄为1至25岁、已接受手术切除虹膜的活体恒河猴眼中，研究了卡巴胆碱角膜离子导入或动眼神经核电刺激诱导调节期间晶状体形状和轴向厚度、前房深度以及角膜前表面与晶状体后表面距离的变化。通过裂隙灯Scheimpflug照相评估眼内距离以及晶状体前后表面曲率；距离也通过A超超声检查确定。随着调节增加，晶状体的两个表面弯曲度均增加，晶状体增厚，前房变浅，而晶状体后表面相对于角膜保持固定。在统计学范围内，两种刺激技术诱导相同屈光度调节时，各自的曲率和距离变化相同。无论通过照相测量还是超声测量得出，各自的眼内距离与调节的关系都是相同的。所有测量的时间和对侧可重复性都非常好。尽管20 D以上时晶状体表面曲率与调节关系的斜率可能有所下降，但在所有眼中每个参数与调节的关系都呈显著线性。调节每增加1 D，晶状体后表面的曲率变化平均比前表面多约20%。尽管个体间年龄和调节幅度存在显著差异，但每种关系的斜率个体间差异相对较小，表明这些关系与年龄无关。然而，当外推至非调节静止状态时，数据表明，5岁以上成年动物的晶状体随年龄增长而增厚，其两个表面弯曲度增加，前房变浅，而在年幼动物中则出现相反趋势。
