超过110转每秒的上旋球速率会缩短球到达对手的时间:一项乒乓球对打研究。
A topspin rate exceeding 110 rps reduces the ball time of arrival to the opponent: a table tennis rally study.
作者信息
Kidokoro Shuji, Inaba Yuki, Yoshida Kazuto, Yamada Koshi, Ozaki Hiroki
机构信息
Department of Sports Research, Japan Institute of Sport Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.
Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba, Japan.
出版信息
Sports Biomech. 2025 Mar;24(3):778-794. doi: 10.1080/14763141.2022.2156916. Epub 2022 Dec 20.
This study experimentally investigated the factors affecting the time a table tennis ball with topspin takes to reach the opponent. Six skilled young players and one coach performed topspin forehand strokes under the observation of three high-speed cameras. As the distribution of the participants' measurements was uneven, additional data were collected using a launching machine that could control the ball speed and spin. To verify the effect of the spin rate on speed decay by drag, the translational speed was measured at 0.15 s after passing the baseline (23 m/s); the balls with topspin ≥110 rps, close to participants' average (117 ± 29 rps) were 1.4 m/s faster than those with topspin ≤80 rps. The horizontal ball speed changed in the range of -3.1 to 2.6 m/s owing to table bounce. At topspins ≥110 rps the ball reached a point 1 m past the end line (estimated receiving position) 27 ± 5 ms faster than at topspins ≤80 rps, for the same initial speed. The relationship between spin rate and travel time was non-linear with boundaries at 80 and 110 rps. Therefore, maintaining a spin rate of ≥ 110 rps along with a high initial speed is an effective strategy for reducing the opponent's preparation time.
本研究通过实验探究了影响上旋乒乓球到达对手所需时间的因素。六名技术娴熟的年轻球员和一名教练在三台高速摄像机的观察下进行正手攻球上旋击球。由于参与者测量数据的分布不均衡,使用一台能够控制球速和旋转的发球机收集了额外的数据。为了验证旋转速率对空气阻力导致的速度衰减的影响,在球经过基线后0.15秒测量其平移速度(23米/秒);上旋≥110转/秒的球,接近参与者的平均水平(117±29转/秒),比上旋≤80转/秒的球快1.4米/秒。由于球台反弹,水平球速在-3.1至2.6米/秒的范围内变化。对于相同的初始速度,当上旋≥110转/秒时,球比上旋≤80转/秒时提前27±5毫秒到达端线(估计接球位置)后方1米处。旋转速率与飞行时间之间的关系在80和110转/秒处存在边界,呈非线性关系。因此,保持≥110转/秒的旋转速率以及较高的初始速度是减少对手准备时间的有效策略。